Phytochemical profiling and In-vitro antioxidant activity of In-vivo α- amylase and α- glucosidase inhibitory activities of kidney Costus spicatus extract in diabetic Albino wistar Rats

Abstract

The study found that C. spicatus extract had a beneficial effect on body weight and blood glucose levels in diabetic rats. Additionally, the extract contained polyphenol compounds with antioxidant, enzyme inhibition, and antiglycation activity. The blood glucose levels of the experimental groups were measured over a 28-day period, and the lipid profile was also assessed. The important result of this study is that the plant extract from C.spicatus was able to recover the antioxidant activity parameters, as well as improve the activity of glycolysis enzymes in the kidney of diabetic rats. This suggests that the plant extract has potential as a natural remedy for diabetes and its complications. Diabetic control + C.spicatus 500 mg/kg at 0.99 ± 0.05ab, Pyruvate kinase as a normal control at 20.01 ± 0.05a and 14.41 ± 1.2c, and Glucose-6-Phosphatase Dehydrogenase as a normal control at 0.52 ± 0.02a and Diabetic control + C.spicatus 500 mg/kg at 0.66 ± 0.05c. The study found that the C. spicatus leaf extract was effective in improving the antioxidant activity of important parameters such as SOD, CAT, GPx, and GR, and protected against hyperglycemia and oxidative damage in type 2 diabetes-induced hepatorenal functions both in vitro and in vivo. The kidney glycolysis enzymes, Hexokinase, Pyruvate kinase, and Glucose-6-Phosphatase Dehydrogenase, also showed improvement in the experimental group. Overall, the C. spicatus leaf extract proved to be effective in protecting against hyperglycemia and oxidative damage in type 2 diabetes-induced hepatorenal functions in both in vitro and in vivo studies.