Phytochemical analysis, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of leaves and flowers ethyl acetate and n-butanol fractions from an Algerian endemic plant Calycotome spinosa (L.) Link

Abstract

Calycotome spinosa (L.) Link is one of the important plants in traditional medicine especially in Algeria. The present work deals with the phytochemical screening, the flavonoids extraction from leaves and flowers of this plant, the quantification of total polyphenols and flavonoids, as well as the evaluation of antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of ethyl acetate and n-butanol fractions. While, the rest, interacted with its phenolics identification. The results of preliminary phytochemical screening showed that C. spinosa contained various metabolites: Polyphenols, flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins etc. In addition, the findings of polyphenols determination using Folin Ciocalteu was high in all the fractions: 107.75±0.41 and 64.24±1.81 mg gallic acid equivalents/g extract for leaves ethyl acetate and n-butanol respectively and 81.45±0.6 and 96.06±2.72 mg gallic acid equivalents/g extract for flowers ethyl acetate and n-butanol successively. Conversely, the flavonoids content in the four fractions by AlCl 3 was less important than polyphenols. Moreover, the obtained fractions were evaluated for their antioxidant capacity using DPPH assay. Besides, the obtained result revealed that Ethyl acetate and n-butanol fractions of leaves exerted very high antioxidant activities with IC 50 equal to 45.25±1.8 and 52.80±2.05 µg/mL, respectively compared with flowers. Furthermore, the antimicrobial activity of those fractions against many microbial strains have also been investigated using the disc diffusion method; the leaves ethyl acetate fraction showed the highest activity against Acinetobacter baumannii with a zone inhibition diameter equal to 22±0.06 mm. Additionally, high-performance liquid chromatography/diodearray detector (HPLC/DAD) analysis performed with C. spinosa fractions revealed the richness of plant in many phenolic compounds.

Phytochemical screening, antioxidant, antiulcer and toxicity studies on <i>Desmodium adscendens </i>(Sw) DC Fabaceae leaf and stem

“…The qualitative phytochemical examination of the extracts of D. adscendens stem and leaf was conducted by using standard methods [8,9]. The extracts were examined for the following phytochemicals; flavonoids, glycosides, alkaloids, tannins, and saponins using appropriate reagents.…”

Hypoglycemic and Hypotensive Effects of Calycotome villosa Subsp. intermedia Seeds in Meriones shawi Rats: In Vivo, Ex Vivo, and In Vitro Investigations

“…In addition, flavonoids have been found to exhibit urinary output with a potent natriuresis and kaliuresis charge [ 45 ]. In this context, various phytochemical investigations have shown the presence of several metabolites such as flavonoids, polyphenols, alkaloids, and saponins in different extracts of pods, seeds, leaves, and flowers of Calycotome villosa Subsp Intermedia [ 15 , 46 , 47 ]. Therefore, the documented urinary excretion following the subchronic treatment by the CV extract could be attributed to the presence of saponins and flavonoids as well as to the presence of other bioactive phytoconstituents.…”