Phytate extraction from coproducts of the dry-grind corn ethanol process

He, Qiyang; Reis, Cristiano E. Rodrigues; Wang, Fei; Hu, Bo

doi:10.1039/c6ra27409a

Cited by 23 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…For PEI, the band at 1595 cm −1 corresponds to the symmetric NH 2 stretching vibration and peaks characteristic of CH 2 vibration are also visible (at 2931, 2881, 2814, 1457 and 1346 cm −1 ) [ 50 ]. SPA is characterized by the two bands of PO 4 3− at 1196 and 504 cm −1 and various C-O-P vibrations at 1048, 989, 911, 850 and 792 cm −1 [ 51 ]. Finally, CA’s major characteristic IR absorption bands are at 3492, 3448 and 3292 cm −1 for O-H stretching and 1745 and 1694 cm −1 for C=O stretching in the COOH groups [ 52 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Innovative Polyelectrolyte Treatment to Flame-Retard Wood

et al. 2021

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Fire protection has been a major challenge in wood construction for many years, mainly due to the high flame spread risk associated with wood flooring. Wood fire-retardancy is framed by two main axes: coating and bulk impregnation. There is a growing need for economically and environmentally friendly alternatives. The study of polyelectrolyte complexes (PECs) for wood substrates is in its infancy, but PECs’ versatility and eco-friendly character are already recognized for fabric fire-retardancy fabrics. In this study, a new approach to PEC characterization is proposed. First, PECs, which consist of polyethyleneimine and sodium phytate, were chemically and thermally characterized to select the most promising systems. Then, yellow birch (Betula alleghaniensis Britt.) was surface-impregnated under reduced pressure with the two PECs identified as the best options. Overall, wood fire-retardancy was improved with a low weight gain of 2 wt.% without increasing water uptake.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Innovative Polyelectrolyte Treatment to Flame-Retard Wood

et al. 2021

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Section: Corn Bioprocessingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The quality of DDGS also has been improved by reducing fiber content, increasing protein content, and thereby making it more suitable for utilization in animal feed. Recovery of phosphorus (in the form of phytate) can also improve DDGS digestibility by monogastric animals such as poultry and swine (He et al, 2017). The process modifications in corn bioprocessing such as separating starch from other non-fermentable components of shelled corn will further improve the process efficiency and coproducts quality.…”

Section: Density Separationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Front‐end corn germ separation: Process variations and effects on downstream products recovery and quality

2021

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Background The popularity of grain‐based ethanol production, especially via dry‐grind bioethanol from corn and subsequent accumulation of low‐value coproducts, especially dried distillers grain with solubles (DDGS), has emphasized the need to add value to the process by recovering different corn components for potential food, feed, and industrial applications prior to ethanol fermentation. Findings Modification in corn processing, including the fractionation process, has manifested in variation in product yield such as ethanol. However, the value‐added products thus obtained boost their quality, potentially increasing the profitability of dry‐grind corn ethanol process. Corn oil, being the most valuable corn component, presents itself as an attractive candidate for front‐end and tail‐end separation of germs. Although the corn oil does not take part in starch fermentation into ethanol, the implication of the front‐end degermination in dry‐grind corn process on downstream product recovery is an essential consideration in bioethanol yield. Process improvement has taken a further step to increase the ethanol yield and rate by processing alpha‐amylase corn, providing critical nutrients and superior yeast. Conclusions Corn ethanol production, quality of coproducts, germ separation, and oil recovery have been enhanced with component recovery either before or after fermentation. However, the economic aspects of the corn bioprocessing advancements need to be further evaluated for commercial implications. Significance and novelty This review summarizes the current knowledge about the significant corn processing methods. It critically reviews germ fractionation, its role in the processing parameters, and the potential for increased value‐added products such as corn oil.

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“…This indicates that chemical precipitation, particularly with Ca, could be an effective approach. Although recent research related to P removal from the corn ethanol plant has focused on phytate extraction with ion exchange (He et al., ; Reis, He, Rajendran, & Hu, ), there is limited information on the potential mechanisms of P o and P i removal via precipitation from light steep water and thin stillage, the compositions of which differ significantly.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Because P is found in the germ of corn kernels, this results in a greater mass of embodied P passing through corn biorefineries (0.31 MMt yr −1 ) than the P contained in municipal wastewater (0.24 MMt yr −1 , calculated using an estimated 2.1 g P capita −1 d −1 and a population of ∼314 million people in 2012) (Tchobanoglous, Burton, & Stensel, 1979; USDA‐NASS, ). Light steep water, which precedes the production of corn gluten feed (CGF) at wet milling plants, and thin stillage, which precedes the production dry distiller's grain with solubles at dry‐grind ethanol facilities, are potent streams for P removal to reduce P concentrations in coproducts used as animal feed (He, Reis, Wang, & Hu, ; Reif & Carlson, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phosphorus fractionation and protein content control chemical phosphorus removal from corn biorefinery streams

Aguiar

Zhang

et al. 2020

J of Env Quality

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The economic viability of corn biorefineries depends heavily on the sale of coproducts as animal feeds, but elevated phosphorus (P) contents can exacerbate manure management issues. Phosphorus removal from light steep water and thin stillage, two concentrated in‐process aqueous streams at wet milling and dry‐grind corn biorefineries, could simultaneously generate concentrated fertilizer and low‐P animal feeds, but little is known regarding how differences in stream composition affect removal. To address this data gap, we show that the solubility of P in light steep filtrate (LSF) and thin stillage filtrate (TSF) exhibits distinct sensitivity to calcium (Ca) and base addition due to differences in P fractionation and protein abundance. In LSF, P was primarily organic, and near‐complete removal of P (96%) was observed at pH 8 and a Ca/total P (TP) ratio of 2. In TSF, TP removal was lower (81%), and there was more equal distribution of organic and orthophosphate, indicating that the Ca requirements of inorganic P precipitation were a limiting factor. The C/H/N ratio, elemental characterization, and crude protein analysis of the precipitated solids indicated that coprecipitation of amorphous solids containing Ca, Mg, and K with soluble proteins facilitated removal of P, particularly in LSF. Although the removal mechanisms and solubility limits differed, these results highlighted the magnitude (40–70 mM) and efficacy (80–96%) of P recovery from two biorefinery streams.

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Phytate extraction from coproducts of the dry-grind corn ethanol process

Abstract: Distiller's dried grains with solubles (DDGSs), the major coproduct of dry-grind ethanol production, are being increasingly used in the global market as animal feeds for both energy and protein supplement.

Cited by 23 publications

References 40 publications

Innovative Polyelectrolyte Treatment to Flame-Retard Wood

Innovative Polyelectrolyte Treatment to Flame-Retard Wood

Front‐end corn germ separation: Process variations and effects on downstream products recovery and quality

Phosphorus fractionation and protein content control chemical phosphorus removal from corn biorefinery streams

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