Phytase Supplementation of Wheat-Based Broiler Diets Reduces Dependence on Meat-and-Bone Meal

Abstract

It is permissible to include meat-and-bone meal (MBM) in broiler diets in many countries outside the European Union, including Australia, where MBM is usually advantaged by being a relatively inexpensive source of phosphorus and protein. However, some producers may prefer to reduce their dependence on MBM as this feed ingredient has several disadvantages and may be a barrier to exports of chicken-meat. Therefore, the purpose of this experiment was to investigate the extent to which phytase supplementation can reduce MBM inclusion levels in wheat-based broiler diets. Standard and modified starter, grower and finisher diets were formulated so that modified diets contained lower MBM inclusions and reduced nutrient specifications. The standard and modified diets, the latter supplemented with *, /** or 1/* FTU/kg phytase (Phyzyme ῍ XP), were o#ered to a total of 2.* broilers in ,. floor pens from +ῌ., days of age and the e#ects of dietary treatments on growth performance were determined. For the grower phase (+/ῌ,2 days), five broilers from each floor pen were transferred to cages to permit total excreta collection to determine apparent metabolisable energy (AME) and nitrogen (N) retention. Acid insoluble ash was included in the caged birds' diets and ileal digesta collected at ,2 days to determine the e#ect of dietary treatments on apparent ileal digestibility (AID) of amino acids. Lowering nutrient specifications reduced growth performance and increased mortality rates over ., days but this decline in performance was overcome by the addition of 1/* FTU/kg phytase to modified diets. Feed ingredient costs per unit of live weight gain were also reduced by phytase addition. Reducing dietary levels of MBM increased amino acid digestibilities in the modified grower diet. Moreover, phytase supplementation of modified diets linearly increased AID coe$cients of alanine, aspartic acid, glycine, isoleucine, leucine, serine, threonine and tyrosine to a significant extent. Also, phytase (1/* FTU/kg) supplementation of the modified diet significantly increased AME by *.,1 MJ/kg on a dry matter (DM) basis. Overall consumption of MBM was reduced from ,--g to +. g per bird from +ῌ., days of age following dietary modifications. It is noteworthy that reduced inclusions of MBM, coupled with phytase supplementation, enhanced ileal digestibility of total amino acids by /.-ῌ (*.2-. versus *.13,). This study demonstrates that it is feasible to reduce MBM contents and nutrient specifications in wheat-based broiler diets in association with phytase supplementation without the addition of inorganic phosphorus sources.

Comparison Study of a Natural Non-Antibiotic Growth Promoter and a Commercial Probiotic on Growth Performance, Immune Response and Biochemical Parameters of Broiler Chicks

“…In another study, Chinajariyawong and Muangkeow (2011) reported no effect on carcass yield and relative weight of visceral organs of chicks fed EO of palm kernel meal. The lack of any significant effect of probiotic on carcass characteristics, organs and most meat quality was reported earlier (Attia et al, 2003;Selle et al, 2006;Attia et al, 2011). In a study by Ashom et al, (2014) statistical changes were observed only for the pancreas, whereas the liver, heart, proventriculus and spleen of broilers remained unchanged when fed Roselle seed meal diets.…”

Significance of phytic acid and supplemental phytase in chicken nutrition: a review

“…A significant improvement in apparent and true metabolizable energy content of sorghum grain was reported by Pourreza and Ebadi (2006). Selle et al (2006) reported that phytase supplementation (750FTU/kg diet) of a wheat based diet significantly increased AME by 0.27 MJ/kg on a dry matter basis. A significant improvement in AME value for the broiler diets as a result of phytase supplementation was reported by Cortes et al (2007) and Selle et al (2007).…”

Effect of wheat type grinding, heat treatment and phytase supplementation on growth efficiency and nutrient utilization of wheat-based diets for broilers

“…The efficacy of microbial phytase in improving P availability in poultry is clearly established (Broz et al 1994). There is also evidence of improved energy utilization (Ravindran et al 1999;Selle et al 2006) of wheat-based diets when supplemented with phytase. Farrel et al (1993) reported small but significant increases in the AME of sorghum-soybean meal-based diets (2810 versus 2870 kcal kg…”