Physiology of the Adrenal Cortex

Noble, R. L.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-395713-9.50007-0

Cited by 22 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 1,046 publications

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“…When an animal is exposed to a variety of noxious, or potentially noxious stimuli, there is a n increase in the secretion of adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) and, consequently, a rise in circulating cortisol or corticosterone (Nobile 1950(Nobile , 1955. Thus, if stress in reindeer is reflected in elevated cortisol levels like it is in sheep (Pinaretto and Vickery 1972), cattle (Johnston and Buckland 1976) and moose (Frantzman et al 1975), the lack of a significant increase in circulating cortisol in Spitzbergen reindeer during winter may indicate that these animals are not under severe thermal or nutritional stress.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Spitzbergen reindeer‐a winter‐dormant ungulate?

Ringberg

1979

Acta Physiologica Scandinavica

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Seasonal changes in serum levels of growth hormone, cortisol and thyroxine in calves and adult Spitzbergen reindeer (Rangifer tarandus platyrynchus) were measured and compared to those previously found in Norwegian reindeer (R.t. tarandus). Cortisol did not differ significantly between summer and winter, or between the subspecies. Growth hormone and thyroxine exhibited highly significant seasonal changes and subspecific differences: winter levels of growth hormone were much higher than summer levels in the Spitzbergen reindeer, while Norwegian reindeer differed very little from season to season. Both Spitzbergen and Norwegian reindeer had markedly reduced thyroxine levels during winter, but the values from the former were much lower than those from the latter. In summer, however, the levels were equal. The high levels of growth hormone and low levels of thyroxine in the Spitzbergen reindeer during winter are indicative of high lipolytic activity and a reduced metabolic rate, respectively.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Spitzbergen reindeer‐a winter‐dormant ungulate?

Ringberg

1979

Acta Physiologica Scandinavica

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“…The consequences of goitrogen feeding are m anifested by involution of the cortical areas and rapid chemical transform ations within the adrenals. Besides the anom alous behaviour of sudanophilic lipids and cholesterol, our ex perim ental picture more or less coincides with the generalised fact observed in mam malian experim ents that the liypothvroidic state resulting from thiouracil treatm ent or thyroidectom y causes adreno cortical atrophy (Noble [ 1955]). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

Histological and Histochemical Studies of the Adrenal Cortex in Experimentally Hypothyroid Pigeons

Bhattacharyya¹,

Ghosh²

1963

Cells Tissues Organs

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“…There do not appear to be any significant alterations in myocardial water or electrolytes in adrenal insufficiency (38). The catecholamine content of the heart is also not significantly altered in adrenal insufficiency (39).…”

Section: Atp Hydrolysis By Actomyosin (Myosin B) Isolated From Heartsmentioning

confidence: 81%

Cardiac Impairment in Adrenal Insufficiency in the Cat

Rovetto

Murphy

Lefer

1970

Circulation Research

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Cardiac contractile protein ATPase activity was studied in cats 10 days after adrenalectomy at a time when the mean arterial blood pressure was 27% lower than that of control cats. The Ca 2 + -dependent, azide-insensitive ATPase activity of myofibrils isolated from the ventricles of adrenalectomized cats was 63% of the activity of control preparations ( P < 0.025). Similarly, the specific activities of cardiac actomyosin (myosin B) and myosin from adrenalectomized cats had decreased to 54 and 75% of control values, respectively ( P < 0.005). The percent reductions in ATPase activities in the three protein preparations from adrenalectomized animals were not significantly different, suggesting that the depression was associated witli myosin per se. The reduction in the myosin ATPase activity in adrenal insufficiency was prevented by dexamethasone treatment adequate to prevent tile decline in mean arterial blood pressure of the adrenalectomized cats. The reduction in cardiac performance in frank adrenal insufficiency may reflect a decrease in the rate of conversion of chemical to mechanical energy by the myocardial contractile proteins.ADDITIONAL KEY WORDS myofibrils mean arterial blood pressure actomyosin myosin • Adrenal insufficiency is characterized by cardiovascular collapse which can be prevented or reversed by administration of corticosteroids (1-4). The alterations in circu-

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Physiology of the Adrenal Cortex

Cited by 22 publications

References 1,046 publications

The Spitzbergen reindeer‐a winter‐dormant ungulate?

The Spitzbergen reindeer‐a winter‐dormant ungulate?

Histological and Histochemical Studies of the Adrenal Cortex in Experimentally Hypothyroid Pigeons

Cardiac Impairment in Adrenal Insufficiency in the Cat

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