Physiological responses of hydroponically-grown Japanese mint under nutrient deficiency

Abstract

This research aims to determine growth and deficiency patterns as well as antioxidative potentials of Japanese mint (Mentha arvensis) hydroponically grown under limited macronutrients and micronutrients. The experiment was conducted for 60 days after transplanting in an evaporative greenhouse (avg temp = 28–30 °C, 60–65 %RH), using deep water culture technique. Plants were grown in nutrient solution consisting of complete Hoagland’s solution (CTRL), and nutrient solutions lacking one of the following macronutrients and micronutrients: nitrogen (-N), phosphorus (-P), potassium (-K), iron (-Fe), manganese (-Mn), and copper (-Cu). The deficiency symptoms, growth patterns, and stress response mechanism were followed. All treatments except for the CTRL induced deficiency symptoms and physiological changes. Macronutrient deprivation reduced growth determined by the morphological parameters while micronutrient omission had no effect except for no iron treatment. The result showed that potassium and iron deficiencies had foremost adversely effect on growth of Japanese mint. Under nutrient stress conditions, plant only gave antioxidative responses to phosphorus and potassium deficiencies. However, the negative plant-stress relationship was found for no iron treatment indicating the detoxification mode of plant for lacking of micronutrient.

Growth of Basil (Ocimum basilicum) in DRF, Raft, and Grow Pipes with Effluents of African Catfish (Clarias gariepinus) in Decoupled Aquaponics

“…This resulted in an N:P:K ratio that was significantly closer to the proposed ratios for hydroponic cultivation [48,50]. A deficiency of essential nutrients may have resulted in deterioration in the development of leaves and biomass [56].…”

Yield and Quality Improvement of Curly Kale <i>Brassica oleracea var. Sabellica</i> L. by Utilizing Agricultural Waste

“…Appropriately preparing the composition of macronutrients and micronutrients is very important for plant growth and development in various physiological processes. It is a cofactor needed by several enzymes of primary and secondary metabolism (Janpen et al, 2019). The nutritional composition of 75% AB Mix with the addition of 25% liquid organic fertilizer has the right and optimal composition of macronutrients and micronutrients to produce shoot fresh weight that is no different from the 100% AB mix treatment.…”

Spearmint (Mentha spicata) Cultivation in Decoupled Aquaponics with Three Hydro-Components (Grow Pipes, Raft, Gravel) and African Catfish (Clarias gariepinus) Production in Northern Germany

“…The water returned from the components to the sump by gravity. Each of the hydroponic components was planted with seven mint seedlings (in total, 63).…”

“…M. spicata grown in pots under hydroponic greenhouse conditions in the FishGlassHouse (fertilizer solution with EC: 2011.8 ± 72.4 µS/cm) showed an S:R ratio of 3.4 (shoot height: 50.0 cm; root length: 14.5 cm; [55]) and 3.7 (shoot height: 48.4 cm; root length: 13.1 cm; [61]), which were even higher due to the reduced length of roots. Other species of mint, peppermint (Mentha x piperita) and Japanese mint (Mentha arvensis), showed S:R ratios of 3.1 ± 0.23 (pot culture, 4 months grow; [62]) and approximately 6.5 (deep water culture: DWC, calculated by dry weight, 60 DAT; [63]). In our study, M. spicata in the gravel media substrate components achieved an S:R ratio of 2.1 ± 0.5 (Table 2) which was more comparable to reported shoot-and-root ratios.…”