“…However, it is also crucial to choose the appropriate seaweed species that can be applied as biofilter in order to reduce nutrient pollution in water, improve water quality, fish growth, and maximize the economic value of the seaweed itself. In addition, the use of seaweed as a biofilter and bioremediator has been extensively investigated, such as Ulva, Palmaria palmata, Gracilaria, Kappaphycus, and Hypnea aspera (Trianti and Adharini, 2020;Andayani et al, 2016;Anibal et al, 2013;Carneiro et al, 2011;Castellar et al, 2015;Elizondo-González et al, 2018;Hayashi et al, 2008;Kang et al, 2011;Laramore et al, 2018;Neori et al, 2003;Ribeiro et al, 2017;Tremblay-Gratton et al, 2018).…”