Physiological properties of the electrically stimulated auditory nerve. I. Compound action potential recordings

Stypulkowski, Paul H.; Honert, Chris van den

doi:10.1016/0378-5955(84)90051-0

Cited by 137 publications

(106 citation statements)

References 35 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Excitation thresholds for electrically evoked auditory brainstem responses (eABRs) have been reported to become elevated after deafening (Shepherd and Javel 1997;Maruyama et al 2008;Fransson et al 2010), but also to remain unchanged (Agterberg et al 2009). For electrically evoked compound action potentials (eCAPs) excitation thresholds are found to be higher after deafening (Stypulkowski and van den Honert 1984;PradoGuitierrez et al 2006). Being consistently smaller after deafening, response amplitudes seem to reflect function better than threshold (Hall 1990;Shepherd and Javel 1997;Agterberg et al 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Auditory-Nerve Responses to Varied Inter-Phase Gap and Phase Duration of the Electric Pulse Stimulus as Predictors for Neuronal Degeneration

Ramekers

Versnel

Strahl

et al. 2014

JARO

154

268

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

After severe hair cell loss, secondary degeneration of spiral ganglion cells (SGCs) is observed-a gradual process that spans years in humans but only takes weeks in guinea pigs. Being the target for cochlear implants (CIs), the physiological state of the SGCs is important for the effectiveness of a CI. For assessment of the nerve's state, focus has generally been on its response threshold. Our goal was to add a more detailed characterization of SGC functionality. To this end, the electrically evoked compound action potential (eCAP) was recorded in normal-hearing guinea pigs and guinea pigs that were deafened 2 or 6 weeks prior to the experiments. We evaluated changes in eCAP characteristics when the phase duration (PD) and inter-phase gap (IPG) of a biphasic current pulse were varied. We correlated the magnitude of these changes to quantified histological measures of neurodegeneration (SGC packing density and SGC size). The maximum eCAP amplitude, derived from the input-output function, decreased after deafening, and increased with both PD and IPG. The eCAP threshold did not change after deafening, and decreased with increasing PD and IPG. The dynamic range was wider for the 6-weeks-deaf animals than for the other two groups. Excitability increased with IPG (steeper slope of the input-output function and lower stimulation level at the half-maximum eCAP amplitude), but to a lesser extent for the deafened animals than for normal-hearing controls. The latency was shorter for the 6-weeks-deaf animals than for the other two groups. For several of these eCAP characteristics, the effect size of IPG correlated well with histological measures of degeneration, whereas effect size of PD did not. These correlations depend on the use of high current levels, which could limit clinical application. Nevertheless, their potential of these correlations towards assessment of the condition of the auditory nerve may be of great benefit to clinical diagnostics and prognosis in cochlear implant recipients.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Auditory-Nerve Responses to Varied Inter-Phase Gap and Phase Duration of the Electric Pulse Stimulus as Predictors for Neuronal Degeneration

Ramekers

Versnel

Strahl

et al. 2014

JARO

154

268

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The negative peak has a latency of 0.2-0.4 ms after stimulus onset (Abbas et al, 2006;Bahmer et al, 2010a). In some cases, the occurrence of a second positive peak is observed (van den Honert and Stypulkowski, 1984). Such a pattern has been described as a 'double peak' or a Type II nerve response (Lai and Dillier, 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such a pattern has been described as a 'double peak' or a Type II nerve response (Lai and Dillier, 2000). Stypulkowski and van den Honert (1984) suggest that the double peak arises from two components that could be axonal and dendritic in origin. Using a simple mathematical model which linearly combines two separate waveforms it has been possible to simulate the different types of neural response telemetry waveforms (Lai and Dillier, 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrically evoked compound action potentials are different depending on the site of cochlear stimulation

Heyning

Arauz²,

Atlas

et al. 2016

Cochlear Implants International

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

One of the many parameters that can affect cochlear implant (CI) users' performance is the site of presentation of electrical stimulation, from the CI, to the auditory nerve. Evoked compound action potential (ECAP) measurements are commonly used to verify nerve function by stimulating one electrode contact in the cochlea and recording the resulting action potentials on the other contacts of the electrode array.The present study aimed to determine if the ECAP amplitude differs between the apical, middle, and basal region of the cochlea, if double peak potentials were more likely in the apex than the basal region of the cochlea, and if there were differences in the ECAP threshold and recovery function across the cochlea.ECAP measurements were performed in the apical, middle, and basal region of the cochlea at fixed sites of stimulation with varying recording electrodes. One hundred and forty one adult subjects with severe to profound sensorineural hearing loss fitted with a Standard or FLEX SOFT electrode were included in this study. ECAP responses were captured using MAESTRO System Software (MED-EL). The ECAP amplitude, threshold, and slope were determined using amplitude growth sequences. The 50% recovery rate was assessed using independent single sequences that have two stimulation pulses (a masker and a probe pulse) separated by a variable inter-pulse interval. For all recordings, ECAP peaks were annotated semi-automatically.ECAP amplitudes were greater upon stimulation of the apical region compared to the basal region of the cochlea. ECAP slopes were steeper in the apical region compared to the basal region of the cochlea and 251 ECAP thresholds were lower in the middle region compared to the basal region of the cochlea. The incidence of double peaks was greater upon stimulation of the apical region compared to the basal region of the cochlea. This data indicates that the site and intensity of cochlear stimulation affect ECAP properties.

show abstract

“…Electric stimuli induce states of refractoriness and longer-term reduced excitability, typically referred to as adaptation. Sub-threshold stimuli, those that do not evoke action potentials, can lower ANF threshold through temporal integration at the membrane (Stypulkowski and van den Honert 1984;Hartmann et al 1984;Dynes 1996;Cartee et al 2000;Miller et al 2001b). These linear and nonlinear effects are relevant to the designer of prosthetic devices, as they may limit information transfer and a user's perception of sound.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These different masker-off/probe-on delays require consideration when short-lived phenomena, which could be missed by the existence of this 3.92-ms gap, occur. Specifically, with the use of single-pulse maskers and probes, integration of masker and probe energy is observed for short (0.1-0.4 ms) MPIs (Stypulkowski and van den Honert 1984;Dynes 1996;Cartee et al 2000). Our paradigm would not capture this effect for relatively slow, 250 pulse/s, masker trains.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Neural Masking by Sub-threshold Electric Stimuli: Animal and Computer Model Results

Miller

Woo

Abbas

et al. 2010

JARO

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Electric stimuli can prosthetically excite auditory nerve fibers to partially restore sensory function to individuals impaired by profound or severe hearing loss. While basic response properties of electrically stimulated auditory nerve fibers (ANF) are known, responses to complex, time-changing stimuli used clinically are inadequately understood. We report that forward-masker pulse trains can enhance and reduce ANF responsiveness to subsequent stimuli and the novel observation that sub-threshold (nonspike-evoking) electric trains can reduce responsiveness to subsequent pulse-train stimuli. The effect is observed in the responses of cat ANFs and shown by a computational biophysical ANF model that simulates rate adaptation through integration of external potassium cation (K) channels. Both low-threshold (i.e., Klt) and high-threshold (Kht) channels were simulated at each node of Ranvier. Model versions without Klt channels did not produce the sub-threshold effect. These results suggest that some such accumulation mechanism, along with Klt channels, may underlie sub-threshold masking observed in cat ANF responses. As multichannel auditory prostheses typically present sub-threshold stimuli to various ANF subsets, there is clear relevance of these findings to clinical situations.

show abstract

Physiological properties of the electrically stimulated auditory nerve. I. Compound action potential recordings

Cited by 137 publications

References 35 publications

Auditory-Nerve Responses to Varied Inter-Phase Gap and Phase Duration of the Electric Pulse Stimulus as Predictors for Neuronal Degeneration

Auditory-Nerve Responses to Varied Inter-Phase Gap and Phase Duration of the Electric Pulse Stimulus as Predictors for Neuronal Degeneration

Electrically evoked compound action potentials are different depending on the site of cochlear stimulation

Neural Masking by Sub-threshold Electric Stimuli: Animal and Computer Model Results

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About