Physiological Effects of Whole Cottonseed in the Diet of Lactating Dairy Cows

Abstract

With 32 lactating Holstein cows we evaluated physiological effects of gossypol and cyclopropenoid fatty acids in diets containing 18.5% whole cottonseed (dry matter) based on corn, corn silage, and soybean meal. All cows consumed a control diet for the first 2 wk of lactation and then were assigned to either control or whole cottonseed diet for the remainder of their lactation. Milk production, milk fat and protein percentages, and daily dry matter intake were measured. Dry matter intakes were less for cows consuming the whole cottonseed diet, but net energy intake was similar for all diets. Milk fat from cows consuming whole cottonseed contained detectable concentrations of cyclopropene fatty acids. Total lipid in plasma, total serum cholesterol, serum gossypol, and apparent liver gossypol concentrations were greater in cows fed whole cottonseed. Gossypol and cyclopropenoid fatty acids appeared to be absorbed from the gut of cows fed whole cottonseed. Small amounts of gossypol in serum and liver tissue and small amounts of cyclopropene fatty acids in adipose tissue lipids and milk fat indicate a need to elucidate the significance of these physiologically active compounds in the human diet and their biological effects on lactating dairy cows.

Comportamento ingestivo, consumo e digestibilidade de nutrientes, produção e composição do leite de vacas alimentadas com silagem de milho ou cana-de-açúcar com caroço de algodão

“…Estudos comprovam que há pouco efeito sobre o consumo quando até 18,5% de caroço de algodão foram adicionados nas dietas (Hawkins et al, 1985), variando de 15% (Arieli, 1998) até 25% (Coppock et al, 1985) as recomendações de adição nas dietas.…”

Effect of Bt-cottonseed meal feeding on performance, fermentation, ciliates population and microbial hydrolytic enzymes in lamb

“…Transgenic cotton crop containing different genes or gene combinations did not differ in nutrient composition (Castillo et al, 2004). Differences in chemical constituents and anti-nutritional content were also not found (Hawkins et al, 1985;Kumar and Singhal, 2004) in whole seed and defatted meal between Bt and non-Bt cotton grown in India. Similar range of variations were reported (Kumar and Singhal, 2004) in chemical constituents but higher levels of CP and fat for both Bt and non-Bt cottonseed were 294.8 and 269.0, 296.0 and 192.2 g/kg, respectively, compared to the present observations.…”

“…However, gossypol of whole cottonseed meal could not induce deleterious effects on ruminants with a functional rumen (Wolf et al, 1980). The ruminants have ability to detoxify the gossypol by binding with soluble protein in rumen (Hawkins et al, 1985).…”

“…Further, genetic modification by inducing insect resistant gene does not change gossypol content of cottonseed (Singhal et al, 2011;Hawkins et al, 1985). Therefore, this study aimed to assess the influence of replacement of GNM with C-CM or Bt-CM in lamb diet on performance, nutrient utilisation, rumen fermentation, ciliate protozoa population and microbial enzyme status.…”

Teores de caroço de algodão em dietas contendo silagem de milho para vacas em lactação

“…Trabalhos utilizando CA processado ou outra fonte de gordura (Mohamed et al, 1988;Lanham et al, 1992;Hawkins et al, 1995) demonstraram uma redução no consumo de MS. Entretanto, Smith et al (1981) não encontraram efeito no consumo de matéria seca quando utilizaram teores (0%, 5%, 15%, 25%) de CA e silagem de milho como volumoso na dieta de vacas leiteiras. Resultados similares também foram encontrados por outros autores, os quais utilizaram outras fontes de volumoso (DePeters et al, 1985;Horner et al, 1988a;Wu et al, 1993Wu et al, , 1994Villela et al, 1996).…”