Physiological and Performance Impacts After Field Supramaximal High-Intensity Interval Training With Different Work-Recovery Duration

Abstract

High-intensity interval training (HIIT) has numerous external load control variables. The management of these variables makes the physiological responses and performance presented by athletes also modify. The present study aimed to assess the activity of CK and LDH enzymes, performance and metabolic responses caused by two HIIT protocols above the maximum in male recreational runners. Fifteen recreational male runners performed two HIIT protocols in randomized order with multiple conditions: 1) H15 ( n = 15), with a HIIT protocol of 15:15 work-recovery duration, and 2) H30 ( n = 15) with a HIIT protocol of 30:30 work-recovery duration. Both protocols were performed at similar intensity (130% vV̇O 2 max ), one set until voluntary exhaustion. Blood samples were collected and used to capture the levels and activities of blood lactate (BLac: mmol⋅L –1 ), glucose (GLU: mg⋅dL –1 ), creatine kinase (CK: U⋅L –1 ), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH: U⋅L –1 ). BLac and GLU were collected at pre, five, and ten minutes after the H15 and H30 protocols were performed. Blood samples were used to measure the activities of CK and LDH enzymes, which were verified 24 h before and 48 h after the protocols. The distance traveled (m), total time (s), and bouts performed (rep) were also registered. Significant differences between conditions H15 and H30 were observed in the bouts performed ( p = 0.001; ES = 1.19). Several statistical differences were found over time for BLac [pre vs. post 5 (both conditions: p = 0.001), pre vs. post 10 (both conditions: p = 0.001), and post 5 vs. post 10 (H30: p = 0.004)], CK [pre vs. post 24 (H15: p < 0.001; ES = 0.97 and H30: p = 0.001; ES = 0.74) post 24 vs. post 48 (H30: p = 0.03; ES = 0.56)], and LDH [pre vs. post24 (H15: p = 0.008; ES = 1.07 and H30: p = 0.022; ES = 0.85). No statistical differences between conditions were observed for any blood parameter. Thus, the volunteers exhibited equal performance in both protocols, which resulted in a similar physiological response. Despite this similarity, in comparison to H15, the H30 protocol presented lower CK activity post 48 and lactate levels after 10 min post protocol.

Biomarkers of tissue injury in high-intensity interval running: a systematic review

“…Only Cipryan [20] did not present the BMI. Three studies showed aerobic capacity (VO 2max ) [20][21][22]. Only Cipryan [20] and Santos et al [23] presented the body fat percentage (BF%).…”

“…Only Cipryan [20] and Santos et al [23] presented the body fat percentage (BF%). Four studies used HIIT protocols [19][20][21][22]24] and two used tests that resemble HIIT protocols [23,25].…”

“…Two studies collected only pre and post-test [23,25], Aloui et al [25] performed pre and post measurements twice, each at a different time of the day (morning and afternoon). Another three studies [21,22,24] checked CK levels in 3 periods, Farias-Junior et al [21] and Brandão et al [22] in pre, 24, and 48 h, and Dorneles et al [24] in pre, post, and 30 min. Cipryan [20] collected data in four phases: pre, post, 3, and 24h.…”

Acute Neuromuscular, Physiological and Performance Responses After Strength Training in Runners: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

“…De Souza [ 36 ] points out that although there was a significant change in La immediately after ST in the two strength protocols used (maximum strength and endurance strength), there was no change after the first km of running (control, maximum strength, and endurance strength (2.7 ± 0.8, 2.7 ± 1.2, and 3.2 ± 1.8 mmolIS·L −1 , respectively) even when the run was immediately afterward. Increased blood La level is associated with high intensity exercise due to higher anaerobic metabolism [ 48 , 49 ], in contrast, it is believed that in the studies evaluated, the runners had a greater predominance of the aerobic zone or resynthesis handsome lactate during submaximal running [ 50 ].Ventilatory variables such as VE, VO 2 , RER and running economy (RE kcal/min/kg or kJ/min/kg and C R ) were not affected by the previous ST session. The effort of running at a speed corresponding to the oxygen consumption in submaximal efforts (around 55 to 75% of VO 2 max) seems not to be affected by the ST session, even in sessions that used EIMD protocols [ 19 , 22 ].…”

Comparison of Three-Month HIIT and CMT Effects on Left Ventricle Echocardiography Observations in Male Employees

“…Comparing the cardiac muscle functional changes in endurance athletes and a control group using Doppler ultrasound and echocardiography, Douglas et al observed a normal systolic function in endurance athletes as well as in the control group (nonathletes) [ 8 ]. Similarly, Brandao et al failed to demonstrate a significant difference in the LV contraction capacities of male athletes and an inactive control group (15 min of high intensity interval training for seven sessions) [ 9 ]. Sadaniantz et al evaluated inactive elderly males before and after a yearlong training program (cycling, 4 h per week) [ 10 ].…”