Physiological and Biochemical Aspects of the Accumulation of Contaminant Radionuclides in Milk

Lengemann, F. W.; Wentworth, Richard A.; Comar, C. L.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-436703-6.50010-7

Cited by 13 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 159 publications

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“…Measurements of the OR show preferential transfer of calcium relative to strontium from the diet to milk (e.g. [23][24][25]). Reported OR milk-diet values are similar for all species studied, including non-ruminants, under normal dietary calcium intake regimes [26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The use of dietary calcium intake of dairy ruminants to predict the transfer coefficient of radiostrontium to milk

Howard

Beresford

Mayes³

et al. 1997

Radiation and Environmental Biophysics

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Transfer coefficients (the equilibrium ratio between radionuclide activity concentration in milk or meat and the daily intake of radionuclide) are widely used to predict the contamination of animal products following the release of radionuclides into the environment. For a transfer coefficient to be generally applicable, its value must be constant for a range of circumstances. However, this is not the case for radiostrontium, the behaviour of which is strongly influenced by that of the homeostatically controlled nutrient, calcium. In this study, a relationship is derived between radiostrontium transfer coefficients and dietary calcium intake which takes into account the observed ratio for strontium:calcium transfer to milk. This relationship is tested against a range of observed data collated from the literature (n = 30) and found to account for 93% of the variability in transfer coefficient values. Model calculations show that a reduction in Fm of at least 40%-60% would be expected if dairy cattle, fed rations typical for well-managed herds, were supplemented with 100-200 g per day. Larger reductions would be predicted when dietary calcium intake is low.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The use of dietary calcium intake of dairy ruminants to predict the transfer coefficient of radiostrontium to milk

Howard

Beresford

Mayes³

et al. 1997

Radiation and Environmental Biophysics

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“…1 Speciation of radionuclides in contaminated milk is of interest because of their bioavailability to men, 14 processing and decontamination of milk 4 and radiochemical analysis. 54 HP-SEC has been particular useful for the speciation of elements linked in the form of complexes with high molecular weight ligands (proteins: casein, bovine serum albumin, etc.)…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Speciation of fission products in raw cow milk by high-performance size exclusion radiochromatography

Gerhart

Macášek

Rajec

1998

J Radioanal Nucl Chem

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Speciation of fission products (9~ 99Tc, 137Cs and 152Eu) in raw cow milk was studied using the high-performance size exclusion radiochromatography (HP-SERC) by Biosep-SEC-S | column (Phenomenex, USA). The separation fraction were identified by a UV detector (280 nm) and a scintillation radiodetector. The mobile phase was Jenness-Koops buffer that simulated milk serum. Radiocesium was present only in non-protein fractions. The non-protein fractions complexed 17% of technetium and 57% of strontium. About 32% of strontium and 24% of europium were bound on the high molecular weight proteins (micellar casein). Low molecular weight proteins bound about 11% of strontium and 76% of europium. Non-size effects play a dominant role at HPSERC speciation of technetium, 83% of which follow the lightest fractions of milk.

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“…A large body of data has accumulated on radioiodine metabolism by lactating animals (Le74); however, there are few definitive reports on the effect temperature might have on the transfer of iodine into milk. Since it is known that the thyroid and mammary gland compete *Supported in part by contract ERDA EY-76-S-02-2784.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extremes of Environmental Temperature and the Transfer of Radioiodine Into Milk

Fw¹,

Ra²

1979

Health Physics

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Tw goats were kept at 33°C and 5°C to determine the amount of radioiodine transferred to milk after an oral dose. At 3YC, 16.8% of the oral '*'I was in the milk as opposed to 2.6% at 5°C. This is a 6.5-fold difference and suggests difficulties for prediction equations based upon actual amounts of radioiodine secreted into milk. Using F values it was judged that the shape of the milk secretion curve was relatively the same between goats and temperatures. This suggests that prediction procedures based on the shape of the milk transfer curve could be more precise.

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Physiological and Biochemical Aspects of the Accumulation of Contaminant Radionuclides in Milk

Cited by 13 publications

References 159 publications

The use of dietary calcium intake of dairy ruminants to predict the transfer coefficient of radiostrontium to milk

The use of dietary calcium intake of dairy ruminants to predict the transfer coefficient of radiostrontium to milk

Speciation of fission products in raw cow milk by high-performance size exclusion radiochromatography

Extremes of Environmental Temperature and the Transfer of Radioiodine Into Milk

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