Physiological and anatomical features of the silvering disorder of<i>Cucurbita</i>

Burger, Y.; Schwartz, Amnon; Paris, H. S.

doi:10.1080/14620316.1988.11515904

Cited by 30 publications

(15 citation statements)

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“…Starting at leaf veins, it spreads out covering the entire foliar surface (Burger et al 1983;Paris et al 1987;Simons et al 1988;Schuster et al 1991), and the same happens with branches and fruits (Simons et al 1988). Besides increasing light reflection, silvering reduces the chlorophyll content of the leaves causing a decrease in crop yield (Burger et al 1988). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of antibiosis and antixenosis to the whitefly silverleaf Bemisia tabaci B biotype (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) in several squash varieties

Baldin

Beneduzzi

2010

J Pest Sci

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The objective of this study was to investigate the potential resistance mechanisms to Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) B biotype, in eight Cucurbita pepo varieties. Attractivity, oviposition preference, and nymphal development were evaluated under greenhouse and laboratory conditions. Variety Bianca was the least attractive to adult whiteflies in multi-choice tests. The whiteflies showed oviposition nonpreference (antixenosis) for Novita Plus, Bianca and Sandy in multi-choice test, and similar results were observed in no-choice tests with varieties Bianca, Novita, Caserta Cac and Sandy. Sandy expressed high antibiosis levels against whitefly nymphs, leading to 63.9% mortality. The high level of resistance in variety Sandy can serve as base for genetic improvement of C. pepo focusing on the development of resistant varieties to B. tabaci B biotype.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of antibiosis and antixenosis to the whitefly silverleaf Bemisia tabaci B biotype (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) in several squash varieties

Baldin

Beneduzzi

2010

J Pest Sci

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“…Feeding by immature stages causes this phytotoxemia, and symptom severity is dependent on the number of immature whiteßies per unit of leaf area (Yokomi et al 1990, Costa et al 1993b). If whiteßy populations become high enough to cause signiÞcant leaf silvering, there is reduction in photosynthesis (Burger et al 1988) and plant growth, resulting in severe yield losses in squash Þelds (Costa et al 1994). In addition to SSL, whiteßy feeding can cause a reduction in plant vigor (Byrne andBellows 1991, McAuslane et al 2004) and irregular fruit ripening (Cohen et al 1992).…”

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confidence: 99%

Influence of Cover Crop and Intercrop Systems onBemisia argentifolli(Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) Infestation and Associated Squash Silverleaf Disorder in Zucchini

2009

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Field experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of cover cropping and intercropping on population densities of silverleaf whitefly, Bemisia argentifolli Bellow and Perring, and the incidence of squash silverleaf disorder (SSL) in zucchini, Cucurbita pepo L., in Oahu, HI. Two cover crops, buckwheat (BW), Fagopyrum esculentum Moench, and white clover (WC), Trifolium repens L., or sunn hemp (SH), Crotolaria juncea L., and an intercropped vegetable, okra, Abelmonchus esculentus L., were evaluated during the 2003, 2005, and 2006 growing seasons, respectively. Population densities of whiteflies and SSL severity varied during the three field experiments. In 2003, the severity of SSL and percentage of leaves displaying symptoms were significantly lower on zucchini plants in WC than BW plots throughout the crops' growth cycle. Additionally, the percentage of leaves per plant displaying SSL symptoms was significantly greater in bare-ground (BG) compared with the pooled BW and WC treatments on each inspection date. In 2005, zucchini intercropped with okra had lower numbers of adult whiteflies and resulted in significantly lower severity of SSL than pooled BW and WC treatments. During 2006, zucchini grown with SH had significantly lower numbers of all whitefly stages (i.e., egg, immature, and adult) and less SSL severity symptoms than BW. Despite these differences in whitefly numbers and SSL severity, marketable yields were not significantly lower in BW compared with WC or SH treatment plots during the study. The mechanisms underlying these results and the feasibility of using cover crops and intercrops to manage B. argentifolli and SSL are discussed.

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“…All commercial summer squash cultivars grown in Jordan are sensitive to complete leaf silvering including the check cultivars 'Clarita' and 'Corona'. Burger et al, (1988) found that the photosynthetic rate was reduced by 30% in completely silvered leaves in comparison with green leaves and consequently caused reduction in yield and quality. On the other hand, it was believed that silvery leaf acts as repellant to aphids and thus lowers the incidence of virus disease (Shifriss, 1981;Davis & Shifriss, 1983).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, it was believed that silvery leaf acts as repellant to aphids and thus lowers the incidence of virus disease (Shifriss, 1981;Davis & Shifriss, 1983). Although the silvery leaf trait is genetically controlled (Scarchuck, 1954;Shifriss, 1982;Burger et al, t988), several environmental factors induce leaf silvering including atmospheric pollution (Simons et al, 1988) water stress (Burger et al, 1988;Paris et al, 1987) or toxins released from sweetpotato whitefly breeding activity Paris et al, 1993;Schuster et al, 1991); Yokomi et al, 1990). The variability of the leaf silvery trait in landraces is possibly under genetic Control, since all plants of the check cultivars showed complete leaf silvering.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These associations agreed with the observations of Schuster et al (1991) who reported that stem and fruit colour appear to be lighter than usual in leaf silvering plants. Increasing intensity of leaf silvering resulted in increasing number of staminate flowers per plant (r = 0.27, p = 0.001) and in decreasing number of pistillate flowers per plant (r = -0.13, p = 0.04) and fruit number per plant (r = -0.18, p = 0.04) which consequently resulted in yield reduction (Burger et al, 1988). It is possible that flowering is affected directly by leaf silvering and/or from stresses causing leaf silvery.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Diversity in landraces of summer squash from Jordan

Kasrawi

1995

Genet Resour Crop Evol

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Forty one half-sib families of summer squash (Cucurbita pepo L.) landraces collected from Jordan were evaluated for 17 morphological and horticultural traits at the Agricultural Experimental Station in the Jordan Valley. A large diversity both within and among families was observed for many traits including plant growth, flowering and sex expression, colour of photosynthetic organs, fruit shape and fruit number per plant. Correlation coefficients were significant among many useful traits. The possible utilization of germplasm collections is discussed.

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Physiological and anatomical features of the silvering disorder ofCucurbita

Cited by 30 publications

References 1 publication

Characterization of antibiosis and antixenosis to the whitefly silverleaf Bemisia tabaci B biotype (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) in several squash varieties

Characterization of antibiosis and antixenosis to the whitefly silverleaf Bemisia tabaci B biotype (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) in several squash varieties

Influence of Cover Crop and Intercrop Systems onBemisia argentifolli(Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) Infestation and Associated Squash Silverleaf Disorder in Zucchini

Diversity in landraces of summer squash from Jordan

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