Physiological adaptations to soccer specific endurance training in professional youth soccer players

Abstract

Background: Improved oxygen uptake improves soccer performance as regards distance covered, involvements with the ball, and number of sprints. Large improvements in oxygen uptake have been shown using interval running. A similar physiological load arising from interval running could be obtained using the soccer ball in training. Objectives: The main aim was to study physiological adaptations to a 10 week high intensity aerobic interval training program performed by professional youth soccer players, using a soccer specific ball dribbling track. Methods: Eleven youth soccer players with a mean (SD) age of 16.9 (0.4) years performed high intensity aerobic interval training sessions twice per week for 10 weeks in addition to normal soccer training. The specific aerobic training consisted of four sets of 4 min work periods dribbling a soccer ball around a specially designed track at 90-95% of maximal heart frequency, with a 3 min recovery jog at 70% of maximal heart frequency between intervals. Results: Mean Vo 2max improved significantly from 63.4 (5.6) to 69.8 (6.6) ml kg 21 min 21 , or 183.3 (13.2) to 201.5 (16.2) ml kg 20.75 min 21 (p,0.001). Squat jump and counter movement jump height increased significantly from 37.7 (6.2) to 40.3 (6.1) cm and 52.0 (4.0) to 53.4 (4.2) cm, respectively (p,0.05). No significant changes in body mass, running economy, rate of force development, or 10 m sprint times occurred. Conclusion: Performing high intensity 4 min intervals dribbling a soccer ball around a specially designed track together with regular soccer training is effective for improving the Vo 2max of soccer players, with no negative interference effects on strength, jumping ability, and sprinting performance.

Pulmonary oxygen uptake and muscle deoxygenation kinetics during recovery in trained and untrained male adolescents

“…However, to our knowledge no previous study has examined the effect of training status on pulmonary oxygen uptake kinetics during recovery from exercise in adolescents. Prolonged, high intensity interval training, the habitual form of training undertaken by the trained subjects in the present study, brings about significant enhancements in aerobic fitness in adolescents (Chamari et al 2005;McMillan et al 2005) as has been shown in adults (Krustrup et al 2010). The purpose of the present study was therefore to examine the effect of training status on the off-kinetics of pulmonary oxygen uptake in a group of trained and untrained male adolescents; these subjects were participants in our recent analysis of their pulmonary oxygen uptake on-kinetics (Marwood et al 2010).…”

“…The type of training associated with football (i.e. prolonged, high intensity aerobic training) brings about significant enhancements in aerobic fitness in adolescents (Chamari et al 2005;McMillan et al 2005). In comparison, the untrained group reported little or no regular physical activity and limited recreational exercise.…”

The effects of fatigue on instep kick performance in soccer

“…Drust et al (10) noted that maxVO2 values of 7 British universities soccer teams' players are 57.8 ± 4.0 ml/kg/min on average. In similar studies, while Impellizeri et al (15) determined maxVO2 values of soccer players playing in Italy as 57.4 ± 4.0 ml/kg/min on average, McMillan et al (22) recorded this value as 63.4 ± 5.6 ml/kg/min on average. It is seen that maxVO2 values obtained in the study we conducted are similar with other studies.…”

Efeitos Do Treinamento Em Jogos Reduzidos Com Inferioridade Numérica No Futebol

“…Também foi utilizado um compasso científico da marca Cescorf® (Brasil), com precisão de leitura de 0,1 mm e pressão constante de 10G/mm 2 para analisar as dobras cutâneas e o percentual de gordura 14,15 . Para monitorar a frequência cardíaca média e máxima foram utilizados monitores cardíacos da marca Polar ElectroOy®, Vantage (Finland) [16][17][18] . A percepção subjetiva de esforço foi verificada por meio de uma adaptação da escala de Borg de esforço percebido, sugerida por Pasquarelli et al 9 , que indica a resposta subjetiva de cada indivíduo, numa escala de intensidade de esforço, após uma sessão de treinamento 19 .…”

“…O protocolo utilizado foi o de Pollock e Jackson 15 . Para análise das variáveis dependentes foram consideradas a frequência média e máxima, obtida por meio do monitor cardíaco, durante as sessões de treino de jogos reduzidos e coletivo [16][17][18] . A percepção de esforço 3,19 e a atenção concentrada foram avaliadas imediatamente após as sessões de treino 13 .…”