Physiochemical properties and resorption progress of porcine skin-derived collagen membranes: <i>In vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> analysis

Abstract

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the physiochemical properties and resorption progress of two cross-linked, porcine skin-derived collagen membranes and compare their features with those of a membrane without cross-linking (Bio-Gide ® [BG], Geistlich Biomaterials, Wolhusen, Switzerland). Three porcine skin-derived collagen membranes, dehydrothermally (DHT) crosslinked (experimental), DHT and 1-ethyl-3(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-carbodiimide (DHT/EDC) cross-linked (experimental) and BG were investigated for their morphology, enzyme resistance, and tensile strength in vitro and biodegradation in vivo. DHT and DHT/ EDC membranes exhibited irregular, interconnected macro-and micropores that formed a 3D mesh, whereas BG exhibited individual collagen fibrils interlaced to form coarse collagen strands. In enzyme resistance and tensile strength tests, DHT and DHT/EDC membranes demonstrated good resistance and mechanical properties compared with BG. In vivo, all three membranes were well integrated into the surrounding connective tissue. Thus, the DHT membrane exhibited its potential as a barrier membrane for guided bone and tissue regeneration.

Differential Biodegradation Kinetics of Collagen Membranes for Bone Regeneration

“…(2) Enzyme resistance test: Samples were immersed in a 0.13% porcine trypsin solution (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA), and incubated at 37 °C [ 13 ].…”

“…The source of the collagen varies, but it is typically obtained from bovine tendon, bovine dermis, calf skin or porcine dermis [ 12 ]. Porcine skin-derived collagen membranes are widely used in GBR procedures because porcine dermis primarily consists of type I collagen and its 3D architecture is similar to that of native extracellular matrix [ 13 ]. Purified bovine and porcine collagen derived from tendons, dermis (skin), pericardium and other regions has also been shown to be suitable as donor material [ 1 ].…”

“…Then, the potential of losing space maintenance ability in physiological conditions is high [ 3 ]. If the membrane dissolves quickly, clinical treatment goals will not be achieved and GBR will be unpredictable [ 13 ]. An ideal barrier for GBR should resorb gradually over time [ 9 ].…”

PRGF-Modified Collagen Membranes for Guided Bone Regeneration: Spectroscopic, Microscopic and Nano-Mechanical Investigations

“…Previous results indicated that in the case of trypsin-treated collagen fibers (over 72 h), the collagen fibrils still kept their structural integrity by retaining their triple-helical conformation [43]. Yin-Zhe et al [42] previously reported that higher collagen density and compact structure may be a reason of slower biodegradation. However, further studies are required in order to assess whether the results obtained in our study can be applied to humans, as the local environment in the oral cavity is a complex biochemical "reactor" difficult to mimic.…”

“…The differences observed for the native membranes can be explained by the cross-linking techniques used by the manufacturers, as any cross-linking technique may have uncertain effects on the structure of collagen membrane [42].…”