Physiochemical, antioxidant and whitening properties of extract from root cortices of mulberry as affected by membrane process

Ultra- and nanofiltration of aqueous extracts from distilled fermented grape pomace

“…This strategy to decrease membrane fouling has been applied to other effluents, including olive wastewaters (Turano et al, 2002), mosambi juice (Rai et al, 2007), dairy cleaning-in-place (CIP) solutions (Dresch et al, 2001), and black liquors (Bhattacharjee and Bhattacharya, 2006). Alternatively, microfiltration could be used to reduce the fouling layer and the specific resistance of ultrafiltration membranes (Yu et al, 2007).…”

“…Phenolics from grape have been processed by UF for concentration (Nawaz et al, 2006) or for anthocyanin fractionation (Kalbasi and CisnerosZevallos, 2007); as well as by NF-UF-microfiltration (MF)-UF for producing proanthocyanic fractions (Santamaría et al, 2002). Membranes have been used to recover phenolic compounds present in processed extracts of mulberry root cortices (Yu et al, 2007), and to concentrate catechins from black tea after a preliminary UF stage carried out to retain proteins (Todisco et al, 2002). In a related study, ethanol extracts from corn were processed with membranes to retain zein, and the permeates were further subjected to NF to concentrate xanthophylls (Tsui and Cheryan, 2007).…”

The properties and stability of anthocyanins in mulberry fruits

“…Tyrosinase is a copper-containing monooxygenase (Yu, Hung, Weng, Su, & Wang, 2006). Cu +2 reducing power of mulberry fruit extract was monitored by the maximum absorbance of the red complex of Cu +1 and bathocuprinedisulfonic acid at a wavelength of 483 nm.…”

Anti-Tyrosinase and DPPH Radical Scavenging Activities of Selected Thai Herbal Extracts Traditionally Used as Skin Toner

“…10,11 As skin whitening agents, tyrosinase inhibitors and antioxidants are recognized as lightening agents. 12 For instance, UV irradiation which produces oxidative stress by increasing superoxide anion (O 2 -) and activating tyrosinase enzyme result inmelanogenesis. 13 Therefore, free radical scavenging is a viable option for skin lightening.…”