Physics of magnetic fluids

Chikazumi, S.; Taketomi, Susamu; Ukita, M.; Mizukami, Masaki; Miyajima, H.; Setogawa, M.; Kurihara, Y.

doi:10.1016/0304-8853(87)90043-6

Cited by 312 publications

(232 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…From these hysteresis loops the coercivities, H c , have been calculated in order to classify the magnetic hardness of these materials (H c < 1 kAm À1 stands for 'soft' and H c > 30 kAm À1 for 'hard'). 2,3 The calculated coercivities of both phases lie between 1 and 30 kAm À1 (Table 5) and are therefore in the range of semihard magnetic materials, with the iron-richest phase being even closer to a hard ferrimagnet. It was recently found that the presence of titanium in a Ru-rich boride phase may be the driving force to a hysteresis enlargement in the family of transition-metal-rich borides.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Scaffolding, Ladders, Chains, and Rare Ferrimagnetism in Intermetallic Borides: Synthesis, Crystal Chemistry and Magnetism

et al. 2011

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Single-phase polycrystalline samples and single crystals of the complex boride phases Ti 8 Fe 3 Ru 18 B 8 and Ti 7 Fe 4 Ru 18 B 8 have been synthesized by arc melting the elements. The phases were characterized by powder and single-crystal X-ray diffraction as well as energy-dispersive X-ray analysis. They are new substitutional variants of the Zn 11 Rh 18 B 8 structure type, space group P4/mbm (no. 127). The particularity of their crystal structure lies in the simultaneous presence of dumbbells which form ladders of magnetically active iron atoms along the [001] direction and two additional mixed iron/titanium chains occupying Wyckoff sites 4h and 2b. The ladder substructure is ca. 3.0 Å from the two chains at the 4h, which creates the sequence chain-ladder-chain, establishing a new structural and magnetic motif, the scaffold. The other chain (at 2b) is separated by at least 6.5 Å from this scaffold. According to magnetization measurements, ABSTRACT:Single-phase polycrystalline samples and single crystals of the complex boride phases Ti 8 Fe 3 Ru 18 B 8 and Ti 7 Fe 4 Ru 18 B 8 have been synthesized by arc melting the elements. The phases were characterized by powder and single-crystal X-ray diffraction as well as energy-dispersive X-ray analysis. They are new substitutional variants of the Zn 11 Rh 18 B 8 structure type, space group P4/mbm (no. 127). The particularity of their crystal structure lies in the simultaneous presence of dumbbells which form ladders of magnetically active iron atoms along the [001] direction and two additional mixed iron/titanium chains occupying Wyckoff sites 4h and 2b. The ladder substructure is ca. 3.0 Å from the two chains at the 4h, which creates the sequence chainÀladderÀchain, establishing a new structural and magnetic motif, the scaffold. The other chain (at 2b) is separated by at least 6.5 Å from this scaffold. According to magnetization measurements, Ti 8 Fe 3 Ru 18 B 8 and Ti 7 Fe 4 Ru 18 B 8 order ferrimagnetically below 210 and 220 K, respectively, with the latter having much higher magnetic moments than the former. However, the magnetic moment observed for Ti 8 Fe 3 Ru 18 B 8 is unexpectedly smaller than the recently reported Ti 9 Fe 2 Ru 18 B 8 ferromagnet. The variation of the magnetic moments observed in these new phases can be adequately understood by assuming a ferrimagnetic ordering involving the three different iron sites. Furthermore, the recorded hysteresis loops indicate a semihard magnetic behavior for the two phases. The highest H c value (28.6 kA/m), measured for Ti 7 Fe 4 Ru 18 B 8 , lies just at the border of those of hard magnetic materials.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Scaffolding, Ladders, Chains, and Rare Ferrimagnetism in Intermetallic Borides: Synthesis, Crystal Chemistry and Magnetism

et al. 2011

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“…Magnetic NPs, with both nanoscale size and magnetism, offer exciting opportunities for a wide range of applications, including data storage [175], magnetic fluids [176,177], catalysis [178], magnetic resonance imaging [179,180], and biomedicine [181,182]. In last decades, various approaches have been developed to synthesize magnetic NPs, among them, the representatives are co-precipitation, thermal decomposition and/or reduction, micelle synthesis, hydrothermal synthesis, and laser pyrolysis techniques [183].…”

Section: Magnetic Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of plasma–liquid interactions for nanomaterial synthesis

Chen¹,

Li²,

Li³

2015

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

302

225

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Over the past decades, a new branch of plasma research, the nanomaterial (NM) synthesis by plasma-liquid interactions (PLIs), is rapidly rising, mainly due to the recently developed various plasma sources operated from low to atmospheric pressures. The PLIs provide novel plasma-liquid interfaces where many physical and chemical processes take place. By exploiting these physical and chemical processes, various NMs ranging from noble metal nanoparticles to graphene nanosheets can be easily synthesized. The currently rapid development and increasingly wide utilization of the PLI method naturally lead to an urgent requirement for presenting a general review. This paper reviews the current status of research on plasma-liquid 2 interactions for nanomaterial syntheses. Focus is on the comprehensive understanding of the synthesis process and perceptive opinions on the present issues and future challenges in this subject.

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“…X-ray diffraction tests were carried out by using Cu-Kα radiation, wavelength λ = 1.54060 Å; the range of the Bragg's angles of the sample was recorded (2θ=20˚-90˚) with scan speed 8.0000(deg /min), the type of this device is (XRD -6000) and made in Japan by SHIMADZU.…”

Section: Xrd Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation of Ferrimagnetics-Ferroelectrics Composites and Studying Their Microwave Characteristics at X-Band Region

Mubarak¹,

Azhdar²,

Alwan³

et al. 2017

djps

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M-type barium hexaferrite (BaFe12O19) was prepared using sol-gel auto combustion method which represents substantial magnetic materials and utilized as microwave absorbers. In addition barium titanate powder was prepared using conventional ceramic method as ferroelectric material. XRD tests showed that the ferrite possess hexagonal structure and barium titanate has tetragonal structure. The constituents then mixed with different ratios and dissipated in the epoxy-resin as the sticky and fixed medium. Microwave absorbing characteristic studied within X-band region using VNA (Vector Network Analyzer). The complex permittivity and permeability were calculated using Nicolson-Ross-Weir (NRW) method. Maximum reflection loss was -36.83dB at 9.125GHz observed for the samples A1:3 (ferrite: barium titanate) the ratio equal 1:3 due to good matching between the relative permeability and relative permittivity ,likewise the absorbing properties increases with the concentration of Barium hexaferrite in composite materials because it appeared absorption resonance frequency at 11.025 GHz.Keywords: barium titanate, hexagonal phase,VNA, NRW.

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Physics of magnetic fluids

Cited by 312 publications

References 11 publications

Scaffolding, Ladders, Chains, and Rare Ferrimagnetism in Intermetallic Borides: Synthesis, Crystal Chemistry and Magnetism

Scaffolding, Ladders, Chains, and Rare Ferrimagnetism in Intermetallic Borides: Synthesis, Crystal Chemistry and Magnetism

A review of plasma–liquid interactions for nanomaterial synthesis

Preparation of Ferrimagnetics-Ferroelectrics Composites and Studying Their Microwave Characteristics at X-Band Region

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