Physicochemical Surface Properties of Fe, Co, Ni, and Cu-Doped Monolithic Organic Aerogels

Abstract

Fe, Co, Ni, and Cu-doped monolithic organic aerogels were prepared by the sol−gel method through the polymerization of a resorcinol formaldehyde mixture containing the metal acetates as polymerization catalysts. The aerogels were supercritically dried with carbon dioxide, and their surface morphology and pore texture were characterized by means of scanning electron microscopy, N2 adsorption at −196 °C, and mercury porosimetry. The dispersion, distribution, and chemical nature of the metal-containing phase were analyzed by X-ray diffraction, backscattering electron imaging, energy-dispersive X-ray, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. According to these analyses, the surface morphology and pore texture were influenced by the metal acetate present because of its different catalytic activity and pH of the initial mixtures. The metal-containing phase was very highly dispersed in Co and Ni-doped monolithic organic aerogels, and it was homogeneously distributed in Fe and Cu-doped monolithic organic aerogels although not so highly dispersed. XPS studies provided experimental evidence of the chelation of iron and cobalt ions by the phenolic groups of the polymeric matrix but no clear evidence of the chelation of nickel and copper ions.

The influence of thermal treatment on the electrochemical properties of carbon–Ni–Pd composites

“…3. As has been reported previously [19,32,37], the presence of metal precursors in the RF solution changes the mechanism of the polymerization process. From the comparison of (Table 1).…”

Synthesis of ultrafine carbon cryogel microspheres using a homogenizer

“…1 Since the first report by Pekaladesired mesoporosity of these carbon gels and on modifying the synthesis processes. The carbons produced have been used as thermal and acoustic insulators, adsorbents, 4 chromatographic packings, 5 catalyst supports, [6][7][8][9] electrodes, [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] and storage systems for hydrogen or methane. 19 Recently, mesoporous carbon (MC) materials, which are generally prepared by carbonization of precursor gels, have received much attention as a result of their potential applications.…”

The effect of catalyst and heat treatment on the properties of carbon–metal composites

“…It is known that the presence of metal precursor in the RF solution changes the mechanism of the polymerization process [24,34,35]. The particles' dimensions of sample CG are from 5 to 10 lm in diameter (Fig.…”