Physicochemical properties of Arenga pinnata (Wurmb.) Merr starch: effect of high-speed jet treatment

Abstract

Impact of high-speed jet (HSJ) treatment on morphology, crystalline structure, retrogradation, thermal and rheological properties of Arenga pinnata (Wurmb.) Merr starch (APS) was investigated. Decreasing with the number of HSJ treatment passes were the turbidity values of pastes (long-term retrogradation), the gelatinization enthalpy, and the crystallinity. Scanning electron microscopy showed APS granule structure was degraded into tiny round particle and thin sheet structures. X-ray diffraction illustrated that the C-type X-ray pattern was changed toward a weak A-type X-ray pattern. With further increases in the number of passes, the weak A-type pattern was changed to amorphous pattern. Dynamic oscillation analysis revealed that HSJ treatment significantly altered the viscoelasticity of APS. During a dynamic frequency sweep, G′ values and G″ at 10 Hz decreased from 589.9 Pa (HSJ0) to 194.9 Pa (HSJ8) and from 101.6 Pa (HSJ0) to 24.5 Pa (HSJ8), respectively, implying that HSJ treatment had a great influence on the elasticity of the APS gel. The results indicated that degradation of APS granular and crystalline structure was mainly involved and HSJ treatment was a potential physical modification technique.

Insight into Multi‐Scale Structure and Digestibility of Sugar Palm (Arenga pinnata) Starch Subjected to High Speed Jet Treatment

“…High-Speed Jet Treatment: The processing steps followed the previous published procedure. [3] A 20% (w/v) starch slurry was treated passing a high-speed jet at pressures of 200 MPa 0, 2, 4, and 8 times (labeled as HSJ0, HSJ2, HSJ4 and HSJ8, respectively). After HSJ treatment, the samples were freeze-dried and ground for analysis.…”

“…With further increases in the number of passes, the weak A-type pattern was changed to an amorphous pattern. [3] The molecular weights of HSJ-treated APS amylopectin molecules were significantly reduced. However, the chain length distributions of native and HSJ-treated APS were not significantly changed, indicating that degradation of amylopectin molecules by HSJ treatment mainly occurred between clusters.…”

“…[2] APS is an important source of starch in subtropical and tropical countries. [3] It has been reported that one sugar palm tree can produce 50 to 100 kg of starch. [4] The structure and functionalities of APS have been comprehensively studied.…”

“…[5] Our previous results suggested that APS after modified using HSJ treatment might be expand its potential application in preparing food colloidal system and gelatinizing agent. [3] Nevertheless, to our knowledge, the digestibility of APS has not been studied.…”

“…Merr starch (APS). [3] Therefore, this work further investigated in vitro digestibility of APS following HSJ treatment at 200 MPa for different cycles. Figure 1 displays the changes in hydrolysis degree of native and HSJ-treated APS.…”