Physicochemical Properties of Acer truncatum Seed Oil Extracted Using Supercritical Carbon Dioxide

Abstract

Acer truncatum seed oil rich in nervonic acid was extracted using supercritical carbon dioxide. GC (Gas Chromatography) analysis revealed that the oil contained approximately 6.22% nervonic acid. The sn‐2 compositions were also determined using lipase hydrolysis. A total of 52 triacylglycerides (TAG) were tentatively identified in the oil using an ultra‐performance convergence chromatography (UPC2) coupled with quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (Q‐TOF‐MS) for the first time. In addition, the contents of phytosterols (1961.9–2402.8 μmol/kg) and β‐carotene (2.09–2.35 μmol/kg) were also quantified for the first time, along with tocopherols (2352.0–2654.3 μmol/kg). The γ‐tocopherol (1296.9‐1442.3 μmol/kg) was the primary tocopherol, while β‐sitosterol (1355.2–1631.3 μmol/kg) was the dominant phytosterol. The physicochemical properties of the oil were also investigated. This study indicated that A. truncatum seed oil is rich in nervonic acid and other nutraceutical constituents. It has a high potential in functional foods for improving human health.

Variability of seed oil content and fatty acid composition in Shantung maple (Acer truncatum Bunge) germplasm for optimal biodiesel production

“…Therefore, fatty acid composition and content profiles can be used as fingerprints to identify useful biological resources, in addition to their current use for oil authentication (Li et al, 2011). At the species level, a total of 15 distinct fatty acid components were detected in this study (Table 2), the results are similar to Hu et al (2017), and a number similar to that was obtained for X. sorbifolia by Yu et al (2017), although their oil content differed from values reported here. Unsaturated fatty acids mainly include oleic acid (C18:1) (25.19%), linoleic acid (C18:2) (32.97%), linolenic acid (C18:3) (2.76%), cis-11-eicosenoic acid (C20:1) (7.90%), erucic acid (C22:1) (16.49%), nervonic acid (C24:1) (5.76%) and small amounts of Palmitoleic acid (C16:1) (0.09%), heptadecenoic acid (C17:1) (0.03%), and cis-11,14-eicosadienoic acid (C20:2) (0.29%).…”

Extraction of macauba kernel oil using supercritical carbon dioxide and compressed propane

“…Nimet et al and Zhao et al evaluated the extraction of sunflower and radish seed oil, respectively, and report that the use of supercritical CO 2 favoured the extraction of tocopherols when compared to propane. Furthermore, some studies have shown that the use of supercritical CO 2 is more advantageous than the use of n ‐hexane for the extraction of tocopherols …”

Triacylglycerols composition analysis of olive oils by ultra‐performance convergence chromatography combined with quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry

“…A recent study reported that linoleic acid-rich olive oil could induce a higher intracellular TAG accumulation in macrophages compared with oleic acid-rich olive oil (Quintero-Fl orez et al, 2015). In 2017, one study about the nutritional values of Acer truncatum seed oil represented that the sn-position of nervonic acid might be limited due to its sn-position (Hu et al, 2017). And the results in this study also confirmed that sn-1,3 fatty acids could be hydrolysed by pancreatic lipase, thus releasing sn-2 monoacylglycerols that could be absorbed efficiently.…”