Extraction of macauba kernel oil using supercritical carbon dioxide and compressed propane

Abstract

Macauba kernel oil (MKO) was extracted using supercritical CO 2 and compressed propane as the solvent. The influence of temperature (313-353 K for CO 2 and 303-333 K for propane) and pressure (18-22 MPa for CO 2 and 8-12 MPa for propane) on oil yield was investigated, and the results were compared with conventional extraction. A characterization of oil and defatted meal was performed. Temperature and pressure, in the evaluated range, influenced oil yield with the use of CO 2 . For propane, the oil yield was not influenced by the experimental conditions. In the evaluated experimental range, the use of propane and CO 2 provided 100 % and $93 % oil yield compared to conventional extraction, respectively. MKO showed a predominance of saturated fatty acids, among which lauric acid was the major constituent. CO 2 presented greater efficiency in the removal of phytosteroids and tocopherols from the macauba kernel, however, the oil extracted with propane presented longer oxidative stability. Defatted meals presented modified physico-chemical composition and potentiated technological characteristics due to oil removal. Solvent density; ÃÃ average value of three replicate runs AE standard deviation. Means followed by the same letters indicates no significant difference (p > 0.05).

Subcritical fluid extraction ofLycium ruthenicumseeds oil and its antioxidant activity

“…For all the considered factors, the increase in extraction pressure systematically improved the oil solubility in subcritical fluid. Indeed, the positive effect of pressure on subcritical fluid (n‐butanol) or/and supercritical CO 2 extraction of oil from Nitraria tangutorum (Liu et al ., ), Mucuna (Garcia et al ., ) and macauba kernel oil (Trentini et al ., ) was already reported. However, higher pressure requires higher quality and stability of the equipment, and it also leads to waste energy and increase costs.…”

Effect of different solvents on subcritical solvent extraction of oil from Assam tea seeds (Camellia sinensis var. assamica): Optimization of oil extraction and physicochemical analysis

“…The percentage oil yield decreased with increasing extraction temperature from 75 to 90 °C and then increased with increasing extraction temperature from 90 to 105 °C. This observation occurred from 75 to 90 °C because the solvent density effect might be predominant, leading to the reduction of solvent dissolving ability, and causing a decrease in the oil yield, while the solute vapor pressure is more effective than solvent density resulting in an increase in the oil yield in the range of extraction temperature from 90 to 105 °C (Cuco et al, ; Trentini, Cuco, Cardozo‐Filho, & da Silva, ). Moreover, it was observed that the percentage oil yield increased with increasing extraction time from 5 to 15 min.…”

“…The percentage oil yield increased with increasing extraction temperature from 75 to 105 °C and increased with increasing extraction time from 5 to 15 min. The increase of extraction temperature using isopropanol increased the vapor pressure of solute, therefore the solubility of solute increased and also the mass transfer of solvent through the tea seed matrix could be enhanced, resulting in an increase of the oil yield in isopropanol solvent (Cuco et al, ; Trentini et al, ). Based on the model above, the optimal conditions for extraction temperature and time were predicted to be 105 °C and 15 min, which gave a maximum oil yield of 15.05%.…”

Physicochemical properties and antioxidant activity of oil extracted from Assam tea seeds (Camellia sinensisvar.assamica) by supercritical CO2extraction

“…Increasing temperature results in an increased mass transfer coefficient and effective diffusivity, but decreased oil solubility. Higher temperature also results in a deceased solvent density and an increased solute vapor pressure (Cuco et al, 2019;Trentini, Cuco, Cardozo-Filho, & Silva, 2018).…”