Physicochemical characteristics and mechanism of fluoride removal using powdered zeolite-zirconium in modes of pulsed& continuous sonication and stirring

Zn2+ removal from the aqueous environment using a polydopamine/hydroxyapatite/Fe3O4 magnetic composite under ultrasonic waves

“… 46 As the pore diameter is in the range of 2–50 nm all three types of materials have a mesoporous structure according to the IUPAC standard. 47 The specific active surface for Fe 3 O 4 , HAp/Fe 3 O 4, and PDA/HAp/Fe 3 O 4 magnetic composites was computed to be 72.148 m 2 g −1 , 53.294 m 2 g −1 , and 37.536 m 2 g −1 respectively. As the results show, specific areas of HAp/Fe 3 O 4 and PDA/HAp/Fe 3 O 4 are lower than Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles, which can be due to coverage of some pores and cavities in by PDA and Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles.…”

“…46 As the pore diameter is in the range of 2-50 nm all three types of materials have a mesoporous structure according to the IUPAC standard. 47 SEM and Map-EDX methods were used to investigate the morphology and interaction between HAp, Fe 3 O 4, and PDA in the composites structure (Fig. S1 †).…”

Zirconium‐2‐Imidazolidinethione Functionalized Reduced Graphene Oxide Aerogel for Efficient Removal of Fluoride Ions and Anionic Dyes from Aqueous Solutions: Multivariate Process Optimization

“…The decrease in adsorption capacity at high pH values could be attributed to higher electrostatic repulsive forces between the deprotonated surface and the negatively charged fluoride ions, and competition between hydroxide and fluoride ions for adsorption sites. [43] R…”

Research progress of modified natural zeolites for removal of typical anions in water

“…153 The mechanism of zirconium-modified zeolites for fluoride removal is the bonding of fluoride ions to hydroxyl groups protonated by ZrO 2 . 154 The mechanisms of p -arsanilic acid degradation and synchronous adsorption removal of the formed inorganic arsenic species were proposed by Zhou et al 155 The main adsorption mechanisms may not be the same when adsorbing different anionic contaminants. Thermodynamic analysis shows that these adsorption processes are mostly spontaneous, heat-absorbing reactions.…”