Physicochemical and structural characterization of biochar derived from the pyrolysis of biosolids, cattle manure and spent coffee grounds

Stylianou, Marinos; Christou, Anastasis; Dalias, Panagiotis; Polycarpou, Polycarpos; Michael, Costas; Agapiou, Agapios; Papanastasiou, Panos; Fatta‐Kassinos, Despo

doi:10.1016/j.joei.2020.05.002

Cited by 79 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 74 publications

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“…The difference in pH value can be observed in the types of biomass: the biochar extracted from sheep dung biochar (ShDu) had the highest pH value (9.85) in solution, while the pH value of bones biochars was ranged from 8.04 to 9.11. The results of the [19] study showed that the cow manure biochar pH value was 9.09, which was in agreement with the results of our study. The pH value and redox potential indicate that the electrons are easily transferred to the species in solution.…”

Section: Biochar Physico-chemical Characteristicssupporting

confidence: 92%

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Characterization of Biochars Produced from Various Biowastes

Bayartsengel¹,

Erdene-Ochir²,

Battulga³

et al. 2021

Atlantis Highlights in Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences

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Biochar is a product of thermal degradation of organic materials in the absence of air (pyrolysis). Slowpyrolyzed and biowaste-derived biochars show excellent adsorption properties. Studies on biochars produced from pine nut shells, sawdust, and cow dung have been carried out in Mongolia determining the technical characteristics and applying for improvement of soil quality. However, a thorough characterization of biochars is still in lack. In this study, we produced 10 biochars from animal bones and dungs, and firewoods and compared their characterization properties. Physico-chemical parameters of biochars such as moisture, ash, volatile matters, fixed carbons, pH, redox potential (pE), electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), cation exchange capacity (CEC), and base saturation were determined and SEM-EDX, FTIR, XRD, main elements, and trace metals analysis were obtained. Methylene blue and iodine absorption tests were carried out in terms of surface porosity. All biochars showed high electrical conductivity and base saturation indicating that they were rich in cations. The highest values of pH, EC, TDS, and CEC were found in biochar produced from sheep dung. Among bone chars, biochar produced from sheep spine bone showed the highest CEC. High Ca content in bone biochars resulted from the nature of the raw material. Biochars hardly contained trace metals. XRD analysis showed that the firewood biochar had amorphous, whereas the bone biochars and dungs had crystal structures. Biochars produced from animal and forestry biowastes have shown great values of adsorbent characteristics, thus the application of such biochars can simultaneously reduce waste and be an environmentally friendly valuable product.

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Section: Biochar Physico-chemical Characteristicssupporting

confidence: 92%

“…This proves that wood biochar was almost entirely an organic compound. The results of the [19] study showed that the TC content of cow manure (36.18%) was consistent with our results. The highest TC content of pinewood biochar (WPin) was 89.43%.…”

Section: Biochar Elemental Compositionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Characterization of Biochars Produced from Various Biowastes

Bayartsengel¹,

Erdene-Ochir²,

Battulga³

et al. 2021

Atlantis Highlights in Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences

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“…Chwastowski et al (2020) observed the efficiency of SCG biochar in the removal of Mn, Pb and Cd from aqueous solutions, which was more significant than that obtained for raw biomass. Stylianou et al (2020), characterizing different biochars, found that SCG biochar had a high carbon content and aromaticity and was viable for environmental applications such as metal remediation.…”

Section: Soil and Plant Nutrition Articlementioning

confidence: 99%

Cadmium and lead adsorption and desorption by coffee waste-derived biochars

et al. 2022

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Biochar derived from coffee waste has been reported as a promising material for heavy metal sorption. However, if the intended use is environmental remediation, knowing the extent to which desorption may occur is critical. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate the efficiency of spent coffee ground (SCG) and coffee parchment (CP) biochars pyrolyzed at 700 °C under laboratory conditions, in the sorption of Cd and Pb from aqueous solutions, in a pH range from 2 to 10, and their retention after an induced desorption process with a 2.9 pH acetic acid solution. Both biochars were alkaline, and the initial pH of the solution had a large effect on the sorption capacity of SCG but a small effect on the sorption capacity of CP. The Pb sorption capacity was higher for CP (18.6 mg•g -1 ) than for SCG (11.4 mg•g -1 ), while both biochars had low Cd retention capacities (1.18 mg•g -1 ). Coffee parchment also showed the highest Pb retention (30% to 87%), while for Cd there was no difference between CP and SCG biochars. Our results showed that metal precipitation was the main mechanism for metal immobilization and CP biochar proved to be more reliable than SCG, mainly for Pb, due to its higher sorption capacity and lower metal release by desorption than SCG. These characteristics are particularly important for the use of biochar in environmental remediation.Besides that, the biochar production represents an eco-friendly destination for these feedstocks, contributing to the circular economy.

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“…Thermochemically processed materials that have an H/C value greater than 0.7 (BMC-250 ºC, BPC-250 ºC and BEC-250 ºC) can be thermochemically "altered", but are not considered thermochemically "converted" [29], preserving part of its original organic residues, such as CH2 and fatty acids, lignin (aromatic nucleus) and cellulose (polar fractions) [62]. This property shows good biochar stability and its potential as a carbon sequestration agent in the soil [63]. In addition, Wei et al [61] demonstrated that the H/C value can be a potential indicator for the mechanism of adsorption of organic contaminants.…”

Section: International Journal Of Advanced Engineering Research and Science (Ijaers)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, these effects of biochar on soil are inconsistent, as each combination of biochar/soil type requires additional characterization to better predict nutrient retention and release [50]. The pH values found demonstrate that the biochar obtained are neutral in nature (6.8-7.3) and therefore indicated for use in the soil [29] and for the purpose of raising the pH [63].…”

Section: International Journal Of Advanced Engineering Research and Science (Ijaers)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental-economic assessment of lignocellulosic residual from the Legal Amazon for conversion in biochars and bioproducts for biorefineries

Santana¹,

Brito²,

Barbosa³

et al. 2020

IJAERS

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Biochars are emerging ecological products that show excellent properties in areas such as carbon sequestration, soil improvement, bioremediation, activated carbon and bioenergy. These interesting materials can be synthesized from a wide variety of sources derived from waste, including lignocellulosic biomass waste. In this work, biochars were produced from residues from the Brazilian Amazon, such as green coconut, babassu and Brazil nuts. The synthesis of biochars was performed under pyrolysis conditions with a fixed time of 3 h and temperature variation of 250 ºC (T1) and 400 ºC (T2). Yields of biochar production >85%, carbon contents >56%, and oxygen contents >20% and calorific values >23 MJ.Kg -1 , demonstrate that biochars produced from residual biomass can be used as activated carbon and also as fertilizers in soils, thus adding value to such residues. Besides, the biomasses used were characterized and the achieved remarkable yields of fermentable sugars, reaching up to 70% in cellulose hydrolysis, which can be useful in the production of bioproducts. In addition, the efficient use of these biomasses will positively impact the productive chains involved, benefiting society, generating employment, income, Besides as mitigating an environmental liability.

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Physicochemical and structural characterization of biochar derived from the pyrolysis of biosolids, cattle manure and spent coffee grounds

Cited by 79 publications

References 74 publications

Characterization of Biochars Produced from Various Biowastes

Characterization of Biochars Produced from Various Biowastes

Cadmium and lead adsorption and desorption by coffee waste-derived biochars

Environmental-economic assessment of lignocellulosic residual from the Legal Amazon for conversion in biochars and bioproducts for biorefineries

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