Physicochemical and electrochemical characterization of battery separator prepared by radiation induced grafting of acrylic acid onto microporous polypropylene membranes

Goel, Narendra S.; Bhardwaj, Y.K.; Manoharan, Ramasamy; Kumar, Virendra; Dubey, K.A.; Chaudhari, C. V.; Sabharwal, S.; Mumbai, Trombay

doi:10.3144/expresspolymlett.2009.34

Cited by 24 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…This trend is consistent with observations of Goel et al28 who reported an increase of grafting yield with the increasing concentration of monomer from 10 to 20%. Previous works show that the grafting yield increased with increasing macromonomer content, while the grafting efficiency tended to decrease,29 apparently due to the fact that at any instant radicals generated on the backbone interact with more monomer molecules 28, 29. Figure 3 shows the SEM pictures of an acetylated nanofibers sample before and after grafting (i.e., sample CA‐ g ‐PHEMA‐10 in Table I).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Grafting efficiency and grafting yield increased with increasing monomer/cellulose ratio, which is simply related to the higher chance of OH groups grafting at higher monomer concentration 26, 27. This trend is consistent with observations of Goel et al28 who reported an increase of grafting yield with the increasing concentration of monomer from 10 to 20%. Previous works show that the grafting yield increased with increasing macromonomer content, while the grafting efficiency tended to decrease,29 apparently due to the fact that at any instant radicals generated on the backbone interact with more monomer molecules 28, 29.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

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Optically transparent nanocomposites reinforced with modified biocellulose nanofibers

Dahman¹,

Oktem²

2012

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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The objective of this study is to produce a class of optically transparent nanostructured biocomposites composed of surface‐modified bacterial cellulose (BC) nanofibers reinforced into poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA) hydrogel matrix. The surface of BC was first modified by fibrous heterogeneous acetylation to preserve the BC nanofibrillar morphology, followed by graft copolymerization with PHEMA hydrogel by free‐radical mechanisms using benzoyl‐peroxide as a radical initiator. A series of samples of grafted nanofiber having different degrees of acetylation and graft yields were produced and characterized using NMR, FTIR, and gravimetry. The maximum degree of acetylation obtained in this study was 2.3% and the maximum graft yield was 82.35 %.The modified nanofibers were thereafter reinforced into a polymeric matrix of PHEMA to form the final transparent biocomposite. The nanofiber‐network‐reinforced PHEMA polymer composite sample containing 1% (w/w) nanofiber transmitted over 80% of the light, while samples with less than 1% (w/w) nanofibrillar content exhibited higher light transmittances. The loss of transparency in the nanocomposite was small, despite the differences of refractive indices of BC and PHEMA. Increasing content of the BC nanofibers in the composite up to 1.4% (w/w) increased its water holding capacity up to 48.7% compared to the reference sample. This class of transparent nanostructured cellulose‐based hydrogel composite provides unique fluid handling capability of absorption and donation. These characteristics are essential for several applications as optically functional materials in addition to several biomedical applications. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

Optically transparent nanocomposites reinforced with modified biocellulose nanofibers

Dahman¹,

Oktem²

2012

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…It has been reported that change in polar and dispersive components of surface energy on grafting of AA depends on the substrate material and the method chosen for grafting [37,38]. It is clear from the values in Table 2 that irradiation of PTFE in water does not affect the surface energy significantly but presence of Mohr's salt and acid during irradiation does enhance the surface energy when irradiated to higher doses as reported by us for grafting of AA on Poly propylene backbone [39]. Probably the increase in surface energy (polar component) in presence of Mohr's salt and acid is among the reasons which contribute to affinity enhancement of the PTFE for grafting solution which results in higher extent of grafting.…”

Section: Surface Wettability Studies Of Grafted Surfacessupporting

confidence: 63%

Teflon scrap based cation exchanger by radiation grafting: Process parameter standardization and characterization

Chaudhari¹,

Paul²,

Panicker³

et al. 2011

Env Prog and Sustain Energy

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High-energy gamma radiation from 60 Co-gamma radiation source has been used to covalently link acrylic acid to teflon by mutual radiation grafting technique. Effect of various experimental parameters viz, dose, dose rate, monomer concentration, backbone thickness effect of additives on grafting extent was investigated in order to optimize the conditions for grafting acrylic acid onto teflon to optimum levels. The grafting extent decreased with increasing dose rate and thickness of the substrate while it increased with concentration of acrylic acid and optimum concentration of Mohr's salt. The grafted product was characterized for grafting yield, surface morphology, bulk morphology, and crystallinity change. The SEM studies indicate significant difference in bulk and interface due to change in thickness of the teflon backbone. Dynamic contact angle measurement studies of the grafted and radiation treated teflon showed that initial grafting as well as radiation treatment of teflon enhances its hydrophilicity.

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“…On the other hand, at a higher concentration of AAc greater than 30 wt %, the concentration of free radicals increased, and this led to an increase in the formation of homopolymer, and consequently, the viscosity of the grafting mixture increased. This hindered the diffusion of the monomer onto the polymer backbone and decreased the rate of grafting yield As shown in Figure (C), it was clear that with increasing irradiation dose, the grafting yield reached the highest value for both HDPE and LDPE up to 20 kGy and then leveled off at doses greater than 20 kGy.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication of reverse‐osmosis membranes for the desalination of underground water via the γ‐radiation grafting of acrylic acid onto polyethylene films

Oraby

Senna

Elsayed

et al. 2017

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Research has been devoted to the desalination of saline water to fresh water suitable for human demands because of the shortage of water in some countries. Therefore, in this study, reverse-osmosis membranes were prepared via the g-radiation graft copolymerization of acrylic acid onto high-density and low-density polyethylene. The factors that could affect the grafting process, such as the solvent type, monomer and inhibitor concentration, and irradiation dose, were investigated to determine the optimum conditions for radiation grafting. The polyethylene grafted acrylic acid copolymers (PAAc-g-PE) graft copolymer was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and mechanical, rheological, and thermal property testing to illustrate the possibility of practical use in water desalination. The prepared grafted membranes showed significant results in the reverse-osmosis desalination method with underground saline water. The factors affecting the desalination of water, such as the water flux, operation time, and grafting percentage, were studied.

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Physicochemical and electrochemical characterization of battery separator prepared by radiation induced grafting of acrylic acid onto microporous polypropylene membranes

Cited by 24 publications

References 25 publications

Optically transparent nanocomposites reinforced with modified biocellulose nanofibers

Optically transparent nanocomposites reinforced with modified biocellulose nanofibers

Teflon scrap based cation exchanger by radiation grafting: Process parameter standardization and characterization

Fabrication of reverse‐osmosis membranes for the desalination of underground water via the γ‐radiation grafting of acrylic acid onto polyethylene films

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