Physico-Chemical Investigations for the Assessment of the Chemical Safety and Efficacy of Application of a New System of Landfill Gas Purification at the Solid Domestic Garbage Dump

Malysheva, Alla G.; Kozlova, N. Yu.; Rastyannikov, E. G.; Ermakov, Andrei A.; Shokhin, V. A.

doi:10.18821/0016-9900-2017-96-11-1103-1108

Cited by 5 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 2 publications

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“…Landfill gas is a reliable local source of renewable energy, the formation of which can be predicted. LFG can be formed for tens of years after the finish of the waste disposal, while the most effective phase of gas evolution is 20-30 years (3). According to the energy potential, 1 m 3 of landfill gas corresponds to approximately 0.5 m 3 of natural gas (Table II).…”

Section: Landfill Gas Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness Investigation of Using SOFC Power Modules for Landfill Gas Utilization in Russia

Volkova¹,

Volkova²,

Plotnikov³

et al. 2019

ECS Trans.

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The waste disposal problem is not only a technical problem but also social. In Russia, landfill sites occupy about 4 mln hectares and every year up to 70 million tons of municipal solid waste (MSW) are generated but only 9% are recycling, and the main part is still disposed on landfills. MSW landfills generate biogas, which is formed under anaerobic conditions, as a result of the life activity of methanogenic bacteria. The biogas obtained in this way consists mainly CH4 and CO, that gases have been a negative impact on the environment. Many countries use landfill gas collection technologies to produce heat and electricity. The paper includes counts of effectiveness for implement SOFC module in current conditions and a thermal scheme which consists an energy generator for collaborative steam and carbon dioxide reforming biogas, hydrogen sulfide purification module, SOFC stacks, afterburner, heat exchanger inverter.

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Section: Landfill Gas Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness Investigation of Using SOFC Power Modules for Landfill Gas Utilization in Russia

Volkova¹,

Volkova²,

Plotnikov³

et al. 2019

ECS Trans.

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The Unaccounted Hazard of Processes of Substances Transformation in the Environment in the Assessment of the Effectiveness of the Application of Technologies

Malysheva¹,

Kozlova²,

Yudin³

2018

HAS

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Introduction. To solve environmental problems in the current economic conditions, the use of achievements in scientific and technological progress acquires the special significance. This primarily concerns the creation, optimization, and improvement of environmentally friendly technologies for purification and neutralization of industrial emissions, new technologies for purification and disinfection of drinking water, development and implementation of environment-improving phytotechnologies and many other environmental and health-improving measures. The present system of environmental and analytical monitoring of the state of environmental objects exposed to various technologies for its recovery, based on the use of physical and chemical or biological factors, requires the control of chemical safety, taking into account the possibility of formation of by-products of transformation with respect to their harmlessness for use. Material and methods. The studies were performed using a chromatography-mass spectrometric system including a gas chromatograph with full electronic control of gas flows and a digital pressure and flow control mode with automatic determination of column parameters, mass spectrometric detector with a quadrupole mass analyzer that provides measurements in the range of mass numbers from 1 to 1050, and a thermal desorber with a gas sample cryo-focusing. Results. Examples of assessing the effectiveness and chemical safety of the application of new environmental protection technologies for cleaning air emissions from a number of enterprises and measures for improving the air environment of enclosed spaces show that their application, on the one hand, is aimed at directly addressing their specific purpose, that is, a significant reduction in the qualitative and quantitative composition of pollutants in production emissions has been established, including an important component in terms of environmental aspects, such as the smell and on the other hand - a negative side effect associated with the formation of toxic and dangerous products of transformation is simultaneously established, even for substances of natural origin, a significant part of which does not have hygienic standards, and consequently their impact on public health remains unaccounted. Discussion. The side effect was often manifested by a change in the direction of deterioration in the chemical composition of the environment object that is physically and chemically affected by the use of the new technology. For an adequate assessment of the quality of the environment and chemical safety of public health, an important condition is to take into account the multicomponent nature of the composition of chemical contaminants and to take into account the transformation products of substances affecting humans under real environmental conditions. Conclusion. Studies focused on identification with a quantitative assessment of air emission components before and after the application of a new environmental technology or a better environmental and health improvement measure allow to monitor environmental objects taking into account the actual content and changes in the group and component composition under the influence of the chemical impact of new technology and to make recommendations for further improvement of the new technology from the point of view of environmental aspects, which, in turn, is aimed at preserving the health of the population.

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Effective viscosity of lecithin solutions and fat emulsions of black soldier fly larvae with different lecithin content

2021

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Fats and oils irrespective of their application field are usually used as emulsions — disperse systems consisting of two immiscible liquids stabilized by an emulsifier. One of the main indicators for emulsions is effective viscosity, which characterizes behavior of liquid in flow. This indicator is also important for optimization of production processes, application and storage of emulsions. It was found that fat of black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) larvae is close to coconut and palm oil by its qualitative and quantitative composition, which makes it one of the promising alternative sources of fats for the industry. Based on this fact, the aim of the study was to determine effective viscosity of lecithin solutions and fat emulsions of black soldier fly larvae depending on the lecithin content of 0.5-2.5 weight%. It was found that consistency of the lecithin solutions increased when its concentration increased from 0.5 to 2 weight%. The lecithin solutions with concentrations of 1.0-2.0 weight% demonstrated weak pseudoplastic behavior and those with the lecithin content of 2.5 weight% dilettante. Emulsions with fat of black soldier fly larvae showed twofold lower consistency compared to the lecithin solutions of the same concentration and weak pseudoplastic behavior, which manifestation did not depend on the lecithin concentration.

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Physico-Chemical Investigations for the Assessment of the Chemical Safety and Efficacy of Application of a New System of Landfill Gas Purification at the Solid Domestic Garbage Dump

Cited by 5 publications

References 2 publications

Effectiveness Investigation of Using SOFC Power Modules for Landfill Gas Utilization in Russia

Effectiveness Investigation of Using SOFC Power Modules for Landfill Gas Utilization in Russia

The Unaccounted Hazard of Processes of Substances Transformation in the Environment in the Assessment of the Effectiveness of the Application of Technologies

Effective viscosity of lecithin solutions and fat emulsions of black soldier fly larvae with different lecithin content

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