Physico-Chemical Characterization of Akoko Mined Kaolin Clay

Olaremu, Abimbola George

doi:10.4236/jmmce.2015.35038

Cited by 22 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…was similar to that obtained for the study of clay reported in Nigeria. 22 The characteristic peaks of kaolinite were observed at 3696, 3619, 1000 and 913 cm -1 , which are in relation with the data obtained from XRD. The OH bands were observed at 3696 and 3619 cm -1 , whereas there was Al-O bending at 913 cm -1 which could be linked to the presence of aluminosilicate mineral.…”

Section: Functional Group Analysis Of Clay and Cosmetic Productssupporting

confidence: 79%

“…21 It has been reported that pure kaolinite exhibits two peaks at 797 and 750 cm -1 and a well crystallized kaolinite exhibits two sharp peaks at 3690 and 3620 cm -1 . 22 Furthermore, FTIR spectra obtained for cosmetic products (Fig. 4 and Table 4) showed the existence of new peaks at 3287, 2918, 2849 and 1465 cm -1 that were due to the additives used in cosmetic formulations.…”

Section: Functional Group Analysis Of Clay and Cosmetic Productsmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Physicochemical characterization and In vitro evaluation of the sun protection factor of cosmetic products made from natural clay material

Madikizela¹,

Nkwentsha²,

Mlunguza³

et al. 2017

S.Afr.j.chem.

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Clay has been widely used as photo protectants in rural places of South Africa. Recently, there are wide range of products which are marketed in South Africa as clay cosmetics which are used for photo protection. In this work, in vitro determination of the sun protection factor (SPF) of newly formulated cosmetics produced from natural clay material from the Bizana region in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa was performed by spectrophotometric means. The SPF values found for clay material, face cream, foundation, face mask and scrub were 1.18, 18.33, 13.71, 6.74 and 9.53, respectively. The same materials were characterized using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), scanning electron microscope (SEM) equipped with energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS) and inductively coupled plasma (ICP). Based on FTIR, XRD, XRF and SEM-EDS results, kaolinite, goethite and quartz were the major minerals found in the clay. Toxic elements such as mercury and cadmium were not detected during ICP analysis; however, traces of lead (0.72-2.14 mg kg -1 ) and arsenic (0.49-0.69 mg kg -1 ) were found in cosmetic products. The results obtained in this study indicate that the cosmetic products manufactured from clay have sun protection ability. KEYWORDSSun protection factor, cosmetic products, natural clay material.

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Section: Functional Group Analysis Of Clay and Cosmetic Productssupporting

confidence: 79%

Section: Functional Group Analysis Of Clay and Cosmetic Productsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Physicochemical characterization and In vitro evaluation of the sun protection factor of cosmetic products made from natural clay material

Madikizela¹,

Nkwentsha²,

Mlunguza³

et al. 2017

S.Afr.j.chem.

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“…The images have unstructured in nature, irregular in shape with uneven edge agglomerate and porous in the surface. The raw kaolin, Figure 3 (a) validate the clay particles of the layered silicates in the form of books tells that the particles are not fully dispersed into individual layers [49,50]. From the raw kaolin, clear layered rectangular shapes observed an indication that natural kaolinite, without any treatment, is double layer alumino-silicate clay [51].…”

Section: Surface Morphology Examination Using Semmentioning

confidence: 94%

Synthesis and characterization of Ethiopian kaolin for the removal of basic yellow (BY 28) dye from aqueous solution as a potential adsorbent

Aragaw

Angerasa

2020

Heliyon

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In the present research, the kaolin adsorbents (beneficiated, raw powder, and calcined) were prepared from Ethiopian natural kaolin through mechanical, wet, and thermal processes. The geochemical and surface properties of kaolin adsorbent were characterized using FTIR, SEM/EDS, XRD, and XRF. In the batch experiment, basic operation parameters (initial dye concentrations, pH, temperature, contact time, and adsorbent dosage) were examined. Percentage removal efficiency basic yellow 28 (BY28) dye were recorded as 94.79%, 92.08%, and 87.08% onto beneficiated, raw, and calcined kaolin absorbents, respectively at an initial dye concentration of 20 mg/L, solution pH of 9, the temperature of 30 C C, and contact time of 60 min and adsorbent dosage of 1g/ 100L. The molar ratio of SiO 2 /Al 2 O 3 was recorded as 2.911 Percent mass composition of Ethiopian kaolin which is higher than the expected pure kaolinite standard which allows us to classify the kaolin clay as a siliceous one. The calculated values of ΔG 0 for beneficiated adsorbent are-1.243, 1.576, and 4.396 kJ/mol at 303.15, 323.15, and 343.15 K, respectively for 20 mg/L of dye concentration and solution pH of 9, suggests that the thermodynamic behavior at lowest temperature is more feasible and spontaneous as compared with the higher temperature one. A similar fashion was calculated for raw and calcined adsorbents. The negative values of ΔH o and ΔS suggest that the adsorption phenomenon is exothermic and the adsorbate molecules are organized on the solid phase in a more disordered fashion than the liquid phase. The pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order models have been used to describe the kinetics in the adsorption processes. The Pseudo-second-order model has been fitted for the BY 28 dye adsorption in the studied concentration range. The adsorption of BY 28 dye for raw and calcined adsorbents follows the Langmuir isotherm and the Freundlich isotherm fitted for the beneficiated adsorbent. The amount of BY28 dye taken up by beneficiated, raw, and calcined kaolin adsorbents was found as 1.896, 1.842, and 1.742 mg/g, respectively at a contact time of 1.0 h, the adsorbent dosage of 1.0 g, initial dye concentration ¼ 20 mg/L and solution pH ¼ 9 at 30 C. The results found that these raw and prepared local kaolin adsorbents have a capacity as low-cost alternatives for the removal of dyes in industrial wastewater.

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“…Kaolin is an inorganic aluminosilicate clay mineral with natural flaky shape [1].The general chemical formula is articulated as Al2Si2O5(OH)4. The basal (d001) spacing of kaolin is (7 ˚A).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Acid Treatment on the SEM-EDX Characteristics of Kaolin Clay

Yahaya

Jikan

Badarulzaman

et al. 2017

PoS

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Raw kaolin was refluxed by sulphuric acid in variable concentrations of 2 M, 4 M, 6 M and 8 M. The morphology and elemental compositions of the acid-leached kaolin were analyse by Field Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) and Energy Dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX) respectively. The disintegration and leaching of Al 3+ ions of the clay are determined by FESEM studies. The acid treatment increases the silicon content and decreases aluminium content as revealed by EDX analysis. The leaching of Al 3+ ions increases with gradual increase in concentration of the acid. Therefore, kaolin reflux with acid at lower strength (2 M and 4 M) are more dispersed and more industrially useful than that which is treated at higher acid strength.

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Physico-Chemical Characterization of Akoko Mined Kaolin Clay

Cited by 22 publications

References 15 publications

Physicochemical characterization and In vitro evaluation of the sun protection factor of cosmetic products made from natural clay material

Physicochemical characterization and In vitro evaluation of the sun protection factor of cosmetic products made from natural clay material

Synthesis and characterization of Ethiopian kaolin for the removal of basic yellow (BY 28) dye from aqueous solution as a potential adsorbent

Effects of Acid Treatment on the SEM-EDX Characteristics of Kaolin Clay

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