Physico-chemical characteristics of surface and groundwater in Obajana and its environs in Kogi state, Central Nigeria

Musa, Ojochenemi K.; Kudamnya, Ebenezer A.; Omali, A. O.; Akuh, Thaddeus Itanyi

doi:10.5897/ajest2014.1708

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…5). The groundwater table is generally shallow and supports the previous study by Munga et al (2006). The contour maps for the NaCl, EC and TDS distributions for the premonsoon, rainy season and post-monsoon were all created to represent the hydrogeological condition of the study area.…”

Section: Spatial Analysismentioning

confidence: 65%

“…The general low-lying characteristics aid infiltration and deep percolation of surface runoff, leading to a quick recharge of the aquifer. Hence, the water table is generally shallow and close to the surface (Munga et al 2006). The climate of the study area is related to the monsoons and the semi-annual passage of the intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ), with the north-eastern monsoon occurring from January to March and the south-eastern monsoon from June to October (National Environment Secretariat 1985).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Hydrogeochemical assessment of a coastal aquifer using statistical and geospatial techniques: case study of Mombasa North Coast, Kenya

Idowu¹,

Nyadawa

K’Orowe

2017

Environ Earth Sci

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The geochemistry of a coastal aquifer was assessed using statistical and geospatial analysis tools for the pre-monsoon, rainy and post-monsoon seasons. Data were obtained from both the field and laboratory analysis of water samples. Statistical methods such as correlation coefficients, piper plots, factor analysis and mixing index were used to gain insights into the geochemistry, while geospatial tools were used to create contours to understand the spatial distribution of the measured groundwater parameters of the coastal aquifer. The measured groundwater levels ranged from -0.84 to 30.08 m above mean sea level. The Electrical Conductivities and Total Dissolved Solids values were observed to have perfectly correlated with each other. Groundwater salinities were generally high, as over 94% of the water samples tested exceeded the WHO drinking water limit of 750 lS/cm and 500 mg/l, respectively. The groundwater pH was generally slightly alkaline but could be slightly acidic in the rainy season. The Na ? , K ? , Mg 2? , Cl -and SO 4 2-were observed to have high impacts on the geochemistry and also had tendencies to form similar trends. EC, TDS and NaCl values above 1000 mg/l in the groundwater were observed to generally skew towards the ocean during the rainy season. The principal process influencing the geochemistry was found to be seawater intrusion, while mineral dissolutions and rainwater percolation play lesser roles. The aquifer predominantly comprises Na-Cl waters of marine origin. The study shows the growing importance and applicability of integrated statistical and geospatial approaches for better understanding of groundwater and geochemistry of aquifers.

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Section: Spatial Analysismentioning

confidence: 65%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogeochemical assessment of a coastal aquifer using statistical and geospatial techniques: case study of Mombasa North Coast, Kenya

Idowu¹,

Nyadawa

K’Orowe

2017

Environ Earth Sci

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Evaluation of water quality of Angereb reservoir: a chemometrics approach

et al. 2023

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Deterioration of water quality of lakes and reservoirs has become major global concerns that impose serious environmental impacts for both aquatic and terrestrial environments. In the current study, many parameters like temperature (Temp), electric conductivity (EC), dissolved oxygen (DO), turbidity (TU), pH, biological oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total alkalinity (TA), total dissolved solids (TDS), total organic carbon (TOC), nitrate(NO3−), phosphate (PO43−) and chlorophyll a (chl-a) were determined. The study covered the Angereb reservoir and its tributaries on a monthly basis from January to March 2019 at five sampling stations in accordance with APHA 2017 guide lines for physicochemical analysis. The values of all the investigated parameters, except DO (at AU, AD, KU and KD), COD and TU, were below the maximum permissible limits set by WHO. Thus, the findings for DO, TU and COD demonstrated that remedial actions should be taken to improve the quality of the water in the reservoir and its tributaries. Multivariate statistical methods (PCA and CA) were applied to detect spatial and temporal variations of water quality parameter. The first three principal components were enough to develop the PCA score plot which explained about 71.32% of the total variance in the dataset. The PCA and CA have provided similar information; grouped the 24 samples into 3 significant clusters showing spatial variations but minimal temporal variations were observed within the samples collected in the period of January in the reservoir site. The water quality parameters, TU and BOD, were moderately positively loaded on the space of the first principal component and were found to be associated with each other, whereas the EC and TDS have shown moderate negative loading and positively associated with each other. This study suggested PCA and CA methods found to be useful tools for monitoring and controlling water quality parameters for selected sampling stations of surface water.

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Hydrochemistry and an appraisal of surface water and groundwater quality for domestic and irrigation use in parts of Southern Benue Trough, Nigeria

OCHELEBE

Kudamnya

2022

Sustain. Water Resour. Manag.

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This research attempts to assess the hydrochemistry of major ions, the quality of surface and subsurface water, as well as its suitability for domestic and agricultural uses, in parts of the Southern Benue Trough. A total of thirty water samples were collected and analyzed in the laboratory using standard practices. Results revealed that the concentration of major cations for both surface and groundwater is in the order: Na + > Ca 2+ > Mg 2+ > K + , while major anionic constituents are, respectively, present in the order: Cl − > HCO 3 − > CO 3 2− > NO 3 − > SO 4 2− and HCO 3 − > CI − > CO 3 2− > NO 3 − > SO 4 2− for surface and groundwater. The water quality index (WQI) model revealed that 100% of the surface water is of good quality for domestic and other uses, while 29.17% and 70.83% of the groundwater are of excellent and good quality, respectively. Three water types were identified, namely Na–Cl, Ca–Mg–HCO 3 , and Na–HCO 3 . Lastly agricultural indices (total hardness, TH, percent sodium, %Na, sodium absorption ratio, SAR, residual sodium carbonate, RSC, permeability index, PI and magnesium hazard, MH) computed along with various plots, revealed that the analyzed surface and subsurface water are suitable for irrigation purposes. The application of plots, tables, and models based on the major ionic constituents, gives fast and effective visualization of the quality and chemistry of surface water and groundwater.

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Physico-chemical characteristics of surface and groundwater in Obajana and its environs in Kogi state, Central Nigeria

Cited by 7 publications

References 1 publication

Hydrogeochemical assessment of a coastal aquifer using statistical and geospatial techniques: case study of Mombasa North Coast, Kenya

Hydrogeochemical assessment of a coastal aquifer using statistical and geospatial techniques: case study of Mombasa North Coast, Kenya

Evaluation of water quality of Angereb reservoir: a chemometrics approach

Hydrochemistry and an appraisal of surface water and groundwater quality for domestic and irrigation use in parts of Southern Benue Trough, Nigeria

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