Physical Properties of Binary Mixtures of Ethyl Formate with Benzene, Isopropyl Benzene, Isobutyl Benzene, and Butylbenzene at (303.15, 308.15, and 313.15) K

Abstract

Densities, viscosities, and speeds of sound of binary mixtures of ethyl formate with benzene, isopropyl benzene, isobutyl benzene, and butylbenzene have been measured over the entire range of composition, at (303.15, 308.15, and 313.15) K and at atmospheric pressure. The excess volume, V E, deviation in viscosity, Δη, and deviation in isentropic compressibility, ΔK s, have been calculated from the experimental values of density, viscosity, and ultrasonic velocity. The excess volumes are positive, while the deviations in viscosities are negative for all of the studied binary systems over the whole composition range. The deviation in isentropic compressibility shows both positive and negative deviations for ethyl formate with benzene and isopropyl benzene, and for the remaining systems they are positive. The ability of some of the empirical models to calculate mixing viscosities was also tested.

Density, Viscosity, Speed of Sound, Bulk Modulus, Surface Tension, and Flash Point of Selected Ternary Mixtures of n-Butylcyclohexane + a Linear Alkane (n-Hexadcane or n-Dodecane) + an Aromatic Compound (Toluene, n-Butylbenzene, or n-Hexylbenzene)

“…Equation for best of density of butylcyclohexane is ρ/kg·m 3 = 1127.02 – [1.46341 × T /K] + [1.17912 × 10 –3 × ( T /K) 2 ]. k Reference . l Reference . m Reference . n Reference . Equation for best of density of toluene is ρ/kg·m 3 = 1.18621 × 10 3 – [1.47573 × T /K] + 2.08566 × 10 –3 × ( T /K) 2 – 2.61945 × 10 –6 ( T /K) 3 . o Reference . p Reference . q Reference . r Reference . s Reference . t Reference . u Reference . v Reference . w References and for error. x Reference . y Reference . z Reference . …”

“… a Standard uncertainties u are u ( T ) = 0.01 K, and expanded uncertainties U c are U c ( c ) = 0.8 m·s –1 . The average pressure P for these measurements was 0.102 MPa with an expanded uncertainty U c ( P ) = 0.002 MPa (level of confidence = 0.95, k = 2). b Reference . c Reference . d Reference . e Reference . f Reference . g Reference . h Reference . i Reference . j Reference . k Reference . l Reference . m Reference . n Reference . o Reference . p Reference . q Reference . r Reference . s Reference . t Reference . u Reference . …”

“… a Reference . b Reference . c Reference . d Reference . e Reference . f Reference . g Reference . h Reference . i Reference . j Reference . k Reference . l Reference . m Reference . n Reference . o Reference . p Reference . q Reference . r Reference . s Reference . t Reference . u Reference . v Reference . w Reference . x Reference . y Reference . z Literature values for viscosity of hexylbenzene were converted from mm 2 ·s –1 in ref using density values in the current work. aa Reference . ab Standard uncertainties u are u ( T ) = 0.01 K, expanded uncertainties U c are U c (η) = 0.01 mPa·s. The average pressure P for these measurements was 0.102 MPa with an expanded uncertainty U c ( P ) = 0.002 MPa (level of confidence = 0.95, k = 2). …”

Density, Viscosity, Speed of Sound, Bulk Modulus, Surface Tension, and Flash Point of Binary Mixtures of Butylbenzene + Linear Alkanes (n-Decane, n-Dodecane, n-Tetradecane, n-Hexadecane, or n-Heptadecane) at 0.1 MPa

“… a Standard uncertainties u are u ( T ) = 0.01 K, and expanded uncertainties U c are U c (ρ) = 0.07 kg·m –3 for T < 353.15 K and U c (ρ) = 0.2 kg·m –3 for T ≥ 353.15 K (level of confidence = 0.95, k = 2). The average pressure for these measurements was 0.102 MPa with an expanded uncertainty U c ( P ) = 0.001 MPa (level of confidence = 0.95, k = 2). b Reference . c Reference . d Reference . Equations for best density: Decane: ρ/kg·m 3 = 999.915 – [1.25380 × T /K] + [1.72986 × 10 –3 ( T /K) 2 ] – [2.02727 × 10 –6 ( T /K) 3 ]. Dodecane: ρ/kg·m 3 = 1046.13 – [1.49513 × T /K] + [2.35839 × 10 –3 ( T /K) 2 ] – [2.43796 × 10 –6 ( T /K) 3 ]. Tetradecane: ρ/kg·m 3 = 1093.4 – [1.73979 × T /K] + [2.82238 × 10 –3 ( T /K) 2 ] – [2.49190 × 10 –6 ( T /K) 3 ]. Hexadecane: ρ/kg·m 3 = 956.848 – [0.557634× T /K] + [2.68578 × 10 –4 ( T /K) 2 ] – [1.24436 × 10 –7 ( T /K) 3 ]. Heptadecane: ρ/kg·m 3 = 1026.08 – [1.11241 × T /K] + [1.28506 × 10 –3 ( T /K) 2 ] – [1.28491× 10 –6 ( T /K) 3 ]. e Reference . f Reference . g Reference . h Reference . i Reference . j Reference . k Reference . l Reference . m Reference . …”

“… a Standard uncertainties u are u ( T ) = 0.01 K, and expanded uncertainties U c are U c ( c ) = 0.5 m·s –1 (level of confidence = 0.95, k = 2) unless otherwise indicated by “±” symbol. The average pressure for these measurements was 0.102 MPa with an expanded uncertainty U c ( P ) = 0.001 MPa (level of confidence = 0.95, k = 2). b Reference . c Reference . d Reference . e Reference . f Reference . g Reference . h Reference . i Reference . j Reference . k Reference . l Reference . m Reference . n Reference . o Reference . p Reference . q Reference . …”