Physical characteristics of bone composite materials

Abstract

ABSTRACT:To study the effects of varying minerai content and various trace element.s in hone composities on its electrical hehavior and possible use in design of transducers, various physical, dielectric, piezoelectric, and eleetromechanical parameters have been measured. For electrical characterization of various such composites in the high-frequency region (1-108 MHz), variation of impedance (Z), phase angle (tan)~), and relative output voltage with frequency has been examined. Furtherfore, the Curie temperature has been determined and the kemperature variation of capacitance and loss factor (tan 6) studied (2,1-225~C). Two types of bone composites were prepared and studied. First, powdered collagen and apatite obtained from full bone were mixed intimately in various proportions by weight to prepare eleven bone compositions. Secolld, such bone materials were made to contain 5-10% various doping foreign additives{AlBra, Na2C0a, SrC03, biC0a, Sh~0a, Zn0, Nb20a, piezoelectric ceramic (PZTL and Ph(N03)2. It has heen observed that a bone composition of a0% collagen + 50% apatite has po~ible piezoelectric application and other compositi(ms [tt5% collagen + 15% apatite, 90% collagen + 10% Zn0, and 90% bone + 10% Ba(0H)2 ] have a sharp rise in capacitance near the Curio temperature. The Curie temperature is generally shifted towards higher values by additAves. It is expected that such results will be relevant in characterizing bone behavior.

Effect of low level capacitive‐coupled pulsed electric field stimulation on mineral profile of weight‐bearing bones in ovariectomized rats

“…The utility of pulsed electromagnetic fields (0–300 Hz) is now successfully established for clinical use; however, their mechanism of interactions in relation to bone metabolism that influence bone healing remains to be fully understood. Earlier we have measured the impedance and phase angle of bone specimens using a vector impedance meter from 0.5 to 108 MHz and dielectric parameters at microwave frequencies 12, 14, 15. Experimenting on rabbits, it was identified that pulsating frequency of 14 MHz (modulated at ELF frequency of 16 Hz and voltage of 10 Vp‐p) is sufficient to induce a voltage of requisite magnitude to accelerate the healing process 10.…”

“…Earlier we have measured the impedance and phase angle of bone specimens using a vector impedance meter from 0.5 to 108 MHz and dielectric parameters at microwave frequencies. 12,14,15 Experimenting on rabbits, it was identified that pulsating frequency of 14 MHz (modulated at ELF frequency of 16 Hz and voltage of 10 Vp-p) is sufficient to induce a voltage of requisite magnitude to accelerate the healing process. 10 The low level field application using parallel plates ensure that the induced voltage are so small not to increase the temperature in the intervening media, particularly in the event of fluid circulation.…”

Identification of Trace Elements in Bovine Metacarpus Bone by Spectro Chemical Analysis

“…However, the recent experimentation suggests that dead bone also possesses a variety of Physical properties [15] . Therefore it seems quite pertinent to explore and correlate the presence of trace elements to the overall bone behaviour.…”