Physical Characteristics and Anatomical Properties of Cultivated Bamboo (Bambusa vulgaris Schrad.) Culms

Wahab, Muhammad Ikram A.; Mohamed, Aminuddin; Mustafa, Mohd Tamizi; Hassan, Affendy

doi:10.3923/jbs.2009.753.759

Cited by 41 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Also, growth conditions and aging have apparently no significant effect on composition and structure of the bamboo tissue. In brief, the total culm comprises of about 60% parenchyma, 40% fibers and 10% conducting tissue (vessels and sieve tubes) (Razak et al, 2009;Liese, 1992Liese, , 1985 There exist relationships between the chemical composition and utilization, as bamboo consists of about 50-70% holocellulose, 30% pentosans and 20-25% lignin. There are some differences in these main constituents between species, but any influence on technological properties remains uncertain (Liese, 1992).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical Composition of Four Cultivated Tropical Bamboo in Genus Gigantochloa

Wahab¹,

Mustafa²,

Salam³

et al. 2013

JAS

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The chemical compositions of cultivated 3 year-old bamboo culms of Gigantochloa brang, G. levis, G. scortechinii and G. wrayi were studied. The culms exhibited different chemical composition in extractives, α-cellulose, lignin and ash contents between the bamboo species, location in the culms and position at the nodes and internodes. The extractive content in four species ranged from 8.30 to 9.23%. The extractive content of G.brang, G.levis, G.scortechinii and G.wrayi were 8.30%, 9:23%, 8:00% and 8.62% respectively. The holocellulose content for G. levis were 85.08%, G. wrayi 84.53%, G. brang 79.94% and G. scortechinii 74.62%. The holocellulose content for the cultivated bamboo genus Gigantochloa were 74% to 85%. The α-cellulose is the chemical constituents in the holocellulose. The highest was G.brang (51.58%) followed by G. scortechinii (46.87%), G. wrayi (37.66%) and G. levis (33.80%). The lignin content ranged between 24.84 to 32.65%. The highest were obtained in G. scortechinii (32.55%), G. wrayi (30.04%), G. levis (26.50%) and lowest in G. brang (24.83%). The ash content in four species of Gigantochloa bamboo ranged between 0.88 to 2.86%. The ash content is the highest in G. scortechinii (2.83%) follow by G. levis (1.29%), G. brang (1.25%) and the lowest in G. wrayi (0.88%).

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical Composition of Four Cultivated Tropical Bamboo in Genus Gigantochloa

Wahab¹,

Mustafa²,

Salam³

et al. 2013

JAS

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“…The intensity of attack by larvae and beetles depends on the amount of starch available (Wahab et al 2009), and in a stack of bamboos subject to borer damage, culms that are heavily damaged are those with abundant starch (Bhat and Kallarackal 2007), being the main attractant for borers and termites in bamboo as already stated. Thus, the stagnant-soaking treatment further shows its effectiveness especially as B. vulgaris is among the most susceptible species of bamboo to decomposition after exposure to the ground and weather Latif Abd et al (1991).…”

Section: Longevitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Considerable quantities of starch in green or dry bamboo make it more attractive to organisms such as stain fungi and borer beetles (Wahab et al 2009). Non-structural carbohydrates (NSC) consisting of sugar alcohols such as inositol, sorbitol, and mannitol; monosaccharides, such as glucose and fructose; disaccharides such as sucrose; oligosaccharides such as raffinose and starch (Raessler et al 2010) are the main nutrients in bamboo for the abovementioned biological agents.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cold-water in situ dissolution of bamboo starch in a bioreactor: inducing forest recovery from an anthropogenic disturbance

Harris

Koomson

2014

Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Using young forest trees as the source for timber, yam sticks have in recent years produced record rates of deforestation in Jamaica and, reportedly, in Western Africa and Southeast Asia. Regeneration periods for plants producing timber yam sticks (which decompose after 2 years) are approximately 10 years compared to 3-4 years for bamboo. But when used as a yam stick, bamboo decomposes even more rapidly and hence is unsatisfactory. For treatment (a), four 7-day periods of submergence in cold, stagnant water removed carbohydrates including starch. This increased the longevity of yam sticks from 5-7 months (untreated) to a period exceeding 2 years. Treatment (b) excluded soaking, and after slowdrying, a surface coating of polyurethane was applied. This treatment marginally increased longevity. It was concluded that alcoholic alkali conditions in the stagnant cold water increased bamboo yam stick longevity by dissolving and removing the main nutrient for decomposers, namely starch. Further, lateral struts on the bamboo yam sticks substantially increased tuber yields by exposing more leaves to direct sunlight. The incentive of increased tuber yields for farmers, the improved longevity of bamboo yam sticks, and the relatively rapid growth of bamboo promises an effective tool for curbing deforestation caused by yam stick harvesting.

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“…It has been reported that holocellulose and lignin make up 90-98% of the composition of the cell wall with the remaining 2-10% consisting of a variety of extractives, resins, tannins, waxes and inorganic salts [174,177,178]. These components ultimately make up the physical structure of bamboo -the epidermis, parenchyma cells, vascular bundles, and supporting fibers that tie these together in a hierarchical structure [179].…”

Section: Bamboo Ligninmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioethanol: Feedstock Alternatives, Pretreatments, Lignin Chemistry, and the Potential for Green Value-Added Lignin Co-Products

MKY¹,

AX²,

S³

2015

J Environ Anal Chem

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Physical Characteristics and Anatomical Properties of Cultivated Bamboo (Bambusa vulgaris Schrad.) Culms

Cited by 41 publications

References 6 publications

Chemical Composition of Four Cultivated Tropical Bamboo in Genus Gigantochloa

Chemical Composition of Four Cultivated Tropical Bamboo in Genus Gigantochloa

Cold-water in situ dissolution of bamboo starch in a bioreactor: inducing forest recovery from an anthropogenic disturbance

Bioethanol: Feedstock Alternatives, Pretreatments, Lignin Chemistry, and the Potential for Green Value-Added Lignin Co-Products

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