Physical Aspects of Reversible Inactivation of Endotoxin*

Rudbach, Jon A.; Anacker, R. L.; Haskins, W. T.; Johnson, Arthur G.; Milner, Kelsey C.; Ribi, Edgar

doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1966.tb52394.x

Cited by 89 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…This process is completely reversible when the sodium deoxycholate is removed by dialysis. 4 These studies suggested to us that bile acids in vivo might be significant in the inactivation of LPS.…”

mentioning

confidence: 93%

Effect of Bile Acids on Endotoxin in Vitro and in Vivo (Physico-Chemical Defense): Bile Deficiency and Endotoxin Translocation

Bertók

1998

Annals NY Acad Sci

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mentioning

confidence: 93%

Effect of Bile Acids on Endotoxin in Vitro and in Vivo (Physico-Chemical Defense): Bile Deficiency and Endotoxin Translocation

Bertók

1998

Annals NY Acad Sci

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“…Enzymatic deacylation of lipopolysaccharides may play a role in detodication of lipopolysaccharides by serum in vivo and in vitro [22,23]. I n this context it is of interest to note that amoeba-degraded polysaccharides, which still possess full serological 0-specificity, were shown in preliminary tests to be sigdcantly less toxic for mice kept at 35" (L.D.,, = 100 pg per mouse) than the native lipopolysaccharide (L.D.,, = 2 pg) [24].…”

Section: Discussioementioning

confidence: 99%

Polysaccharides in Vegetative and Aggregation‐Competent Amoebae of Dictyostelium discoideum

Malchow

Lüderitz

Kickhöfen

et al. 1969

European Journal of Biochemistry

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Amoebae of Dictyostelium discoideum, cultivated on bacteria as the sole nutrient, secrete into the medium a degraded, water-soluble form of the corresponding bacterial lipopolysaccharide. Amoeba-degraded polysaccharide of Salmonella london isolated from the culture medium of amoebae by the phenol-water method, was purified by fractional precipitation with ethanol. Its chemical analysis showed that it contained all the sugar constituents of the parent lipopolysaccharide including the glucosamine backbone of lipid A, as well as the 0-acetyl groups linked to galactose units of the 0-specific chains, and the N-acetyl groups linked to glucosamine units of the core. The degraded polysaccharide, however, was completely devoid of the ester-and amide-linked long chain fatty acids present in the lipid A component of the parent lipopolysaccharide. The molecular weight was determined as 15,400. Serological investigations showed that, as expected, the degraded polysaccharide of X. london retained its serological 0 specificity, but failed to sensitize erythrocytes for passive hemagglutination. When tested in mice the degraded polysaccharide was significantly less toxic as compared with the parent lipopolysaccharide. Chemical analysis of amoeba-degraded polysaccharide derived from Escherichia coli B/r led to analogous results, and it is concluded that amoebae of Dictyostelium discoideum contain esterases and amidases which specifically cleave the long chain fatty acids from the lipid A component of bacterial lipopolysaccharides.Lipopolysaccharides of Xalmonella are thought to consist of three distinct regions: (j) the 0-specific polysaccharide constituted of chains of identical repeating oligosaccharide units containing galactose, rhamnose, and mannose in the case of 8. london,

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“…Detoxification, which is believed to take place mainly after uptake of the LPS by the reticuloendothelial system (9), was also postulated to begin in the plasma (for review, see 37), and possible mechanisms of humoral inactivation of LPS have been described t Deceased 2 October 1977. (26,31,34,35,37).…”

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confidence: 99%

Interaction of Lipopolysaccharides With Plasma High Density Lipoprotein in Rats

et al. 1980

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The method of crossed immunoelectrophoresis was used to investigate early changes in plasma proteins of rats treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Intravenous injection of a smooth (S)-and a rough (R)-form preparation led to alterations in the high-density lipoprotein (HDL) precipitation peak. The changes were dose dependent and characteristic for each LPS. The changes were identified as being due to the formation of a complex of LPS with HDL, the complex of the S-form LPS with HDL migrating slower and that of the R-form LPS with HDL migrating faster than free HDL. The fate of the complex was followed in the plasma of injected rats, and it was shown that the R-form LPS complex disappeared after several hours, whereas the S-form LPS complex was still partly present after 2 days. Plasma clearance studies, carried out with "4C-labeled LPS, revealed similar differences in the rate of elimination of the two LPSs. In both cases the time of clearance resembled that of the disappearance of LPS-HDL complex.These results may indicate that HDL represents a transport protein for LPS in plasma to organs of clearance or to other cellular targets.

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Physical Aspects of Reversible Inactivation of Endotoxin*

Cited by 89 publications

References 17 publications

Effect of Bile Acids on Endotoxin in Vitro and in Vivo (Physico-Chemical Defense): Bile Deficiency and Endotoxin Translocation

Effect of Bile Acids on Endotoxin in Vitro and in Vivo (Physico-Chemical Defense): Bile Deficiency and Endotoxin Translocation

Polysaccharides in Vegetative and Aggregation‐Competent Amoebae of Dictyostelium discoideum

Interaction of Lipopolysaccharides With Plasma High Density Lipoprotein in Rats

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