Physical and social determinants of dietary variety among older adults living alone in Japan

Fukuda, Yoshiharu; Ishikawa, Midori; Yokoyama, Tetsuji; Hayashi, Tatsumi; Nakaya, Tomoki; Takemi, Yukari; Kusama, Kaoru; Yoshiike, Nobuo; Nozue, Miho; Yoshiba, K.; Murayama, Nobuko

doi:10.1111/ggi.13004

Cited by 36 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Men reported greater problems with satisfying food security resulting from the availability of food purchase places. This is confirmed by the results of other studies [ 47 ]; however, there are also studies that have shown a greater exposure to food insecurity among women [ 82 ]. A greater threat to meeting food security was observed among people aged 75 and over [ 83 , 84 , 85 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

“…Those of older age and living in the countryside have limited access to shops due to limitations in their own or public transport (e.g., a lack of own car or the ability to drive it) [ 77 ]. Restrictions in movement resulting from diseases of the locomotor system and, at the same time, poor public transport in rural areas [ 77 ] increase dependence on the help of third parties [ 20 , 47 , 78 , 79 ]. Moreover, living alone, especially in a rural setting, can exacerbate this limitation [ 80 , 81 ], which is confirmed by the obtained results.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Research on the economic availability of food dominates [ 5 , 6 , 9 , 45 , 46 ], while the availability of food in subjective terms has so far rarely been the subject of research. In addition, some results show inconsistencies as to the relationship between access to stores and the level of food consumption and health in the elderly group [ 47 , 48 , 49 ] or lack thereof [ 50 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Elderly Perception of Distance to the Grocery Store as a Reason for Feeling Food Insecurity—Can Food Policy Limit This?

Gajda

Jeżewska-Zychowicz

2020

Nutrients

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The sense of food insecurity in a group of elderly people may be determined by the perception of distance to food outlets. The aim of the study was to assess the relationship between the perception of food insecurity by the elderly and their perception of the distance between the places of residence and food purchase. A cross-sectional quantitative survey was carried out in 2019–2020 amongst 762 Polish elderly living in Świętokrzyskie and Śląskie Voivodeship. The assessment of the relationships between the perceived food insecurity due to living too far away from the grocery shops and socio-demographic features was performed using multiple correspondence analysis (MCA), chi-square tests, and Phi and Cramér’s V coefficients. Too great a distance to the place of food purchase was the cause of a lack of a sense of food security in 20.5% of the study sample, especially in men, people aged 75 and more, people living in a rural environment and people living alone. People reporting a lack of food due to the distance to the place of purchase showed socio-demographic characteristics similar to those of people declaring a lack of a sense of food security. Reduced food consumption due to the distance from the place of sale, including of fish (24.8%), some fruits (18.9%) and vegetables (15.4%) and beef (17.3%), may contribute to the deterioration of the diet and, as a result, health conditions. Including access to places of the sale of food in food policy as a factor contributing to ensuring the food security of older people can help to maintain a better quality of life and avoid exclusion. Especially in a situation of limited independence, food insecurity in elders due to causes other than financial limitations should be a focus of food policy.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Elderly Perception of Distance to the Grocery Store as a Reason for Feeling Food Insecurity—Can Food Policy Limit This?

Gajda

Jeżewska-Zychowicz

2020

Nutrients

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“…Physical inactivity is a cause of losing muscle mass and strength. Recent studies in the Japanese older population have revealed that older who live alone more likely poor social support and had a decline in dietary variety included difficulty to provide a healthy diet [42] and they had poor appetite more than those who not living alone [43]. Our study found that older people with heart disease had a significantly lower albumin level than those without heart disease ( Table 1).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 49%

The Association between heart diseases, social factors, and physical frailty in community-dwelling older populations: SONIC study

Kamide¹,

Klinpudtan²,

Kabayama³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Objectives Physical frailty is geriatric syndrome and can increase the risk of adverse outcome in the older population. Heart diseases are associated with physical frailty but a few studies in community-dwelling old population. Therefore the aim of this study was to examine the association between heart diseases, social factors, and physical frailty in community-dwelling older populations including the oldest old people. Methods The cross-sectional study included 1882 participants in community-dwelling older and oldest-old people in three age groups: 73 (±1), 83 (±1), and 93(±1) from both urban and rural areas of Japan. Questionnaires on medical history, psycho-social factors, blood samples, physical examinations, the hand grip strength test, and gait speed were measured at the venue. Physical frailty was defined based on a slow gait speed or weak grip strength. Heart diseases were assessed by self-reported questionnaires. Social interaction was based on the frequency of going outdoors and direct social contact. Analyses were conducted mainly using multiple logistic regression with adjustments for physical frailty risk factors. Results Heart disease subjects had a higher prevalence of physical frailty than those without heart disease (slow gait speed: 69.6 vs. 56.2%, p<.001; slow gait speed or weak grip strength: 80 vs. 69.6%, p=.002). After adjusting the covariate factors, heart diseases were associated with a slow gait speed (OR=1.5; 95%CI: 1.03-2.20, p=.035). Social interaction was associated with a slow gait speed (frequency of going outdoors: OR=0.87, 95%CI 0.79-0.9, p=.008; frequency of direct social contact: OR=0.88, 95%CI 0.82-0.95, p=.001), a weak grip strength (frequency of going outdoors: OR=0.86, 95%CI 0.77-0.96, p=.005), and with physical frailty (frequency of going outdoors: OR=0.84, 95%CI 0.75-0.94, p=.002; frequency of direct social contact: OR=0.89, 95%CI 0.82-0.97, p=.007). Living alone and frequency of direct social contact were associated with physical frailty among heart disease patients. Conclusions Our findings indicate that in community-dwelling older people, heart diseases and social interaction were associated with physical frailty. Older people with heart disease, those living alone and the frequency of direct social contact were associated with physical frailty. Future research must involve a longitudinal study to clarify the causal relationship.

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“…26 Among older patients with heart disease, social factors such as living alone associated with physical frailty could explain the association of psychophysiology mechanisms where those living alone are more likely to have lower levels of physical activity than those living with others. 27 Recent studies in older Japanese have shown that those living alone are more likely to have poor social support and a decline in dietary variety, including difficulty in providing a healthy diet, 28 with a poorer appetite than those not living alone. 29 These reasons may be the cause of malnutrition-related frailty.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between heart diseases, social factors and physical frailty in community‐dwelling older populations: The septuagenarians, octogenarians, nonagenarians investigation with centenarians study

Klinpudtan

Kabayama

Gondo

et al. 2020

Geriatrics Gerontology Int

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Heart diseases and social factors are associated with physical frailty, but there are few studies of older people living in the community. Consequently, the aim of this study was to examine the association between heart diseases, social factors and physical frailty in community-dwelling older populations including the oldest-old people. Methods: The cross-sectional study included 1882 participants of community-dwelling older and oldest-old people. The survey site assessed questionnaires on medical history, social factors, blood samples and physical examination. Physical frailty was based on slow gait speed or weak grip strength. Associations were analyzed using multiple logistic regression with adjustments for covariate factors. Results: Subjects with heart disease had a higher prevalence of physical frailty than those without heart disease. After adjusting the covariate factors, heart diseases were associated with a slow gait speed (odds ratio [OR] = 1.62; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.13-2.32, P = 0.009). Frequency of going outdoors and direct interaction with relatives or friends were associated with a slow gait speed (OR = 0.83, 95% CI 0.75-0.91, P ≤ 0.001 and OR = 0.87, 95% CI 0.81-0.94, P < 0.001), and associated with physical frailty (OR = 0.80, 95% CI 0.72-0.89, P ≤ 0.001 and OR = 0.88, 95% CI 0.82-0.95, P = 0.002). Living alone and frequency of direct interaction with relatives or friends were associated with physical frailty in subjects with heart disease. Conclusions: Our findings indicate that in community-dwelling older people, heart diseases and social factors were associated with physical frailty. Older people with heart disease, those living alone and the frequency of direct interaction with relatives or friends were associated with physical frailty.

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Physical and social determinants of dietary variety among older adults living alone in Japan

Cited by 36 publications

References 34 publications

Elderly Perception of Distance to the Grocery Store as a Reason for Feeling Food Insecurity—Can Food Policy Limit This?

Elderly Perception of Distance to the Grocery Store as a Reason for Feeling Food Insecurity—Can Food Policy Limit This?

The Association between heart diseases, social factors, and physical frailty in community-dwelling older populations: SONIC study

Association between heart diseases, social factors and physical frailty in community‐dwelling older populations: The septuagenarians, octogenarians, nonagenarians investigation with centenarians study

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