Physical and flow properties of pecan shells—Particle size and moisture effects

Littlefield, Brad Lavoy; Fasina, Oladiran; Shaw, Joey N.; Adhikari, Sushil; Via, Brian K.

doi:10.1016/j.powtec.2011.05.011

Cited by 41 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Similar result was obtained by Littlefield et al [15] for pecan shells. Higher value of density of sawdust with higher moisture content was noted by Miccio et al [17].…”

Section: Densitysupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Of particular interest in bioenergy practice are such characteristics of granular biomass such as density, strength parameters, elasticity and flowability. Density, that is mass divided by volume, is one of the fundamental parameters of granular materials and also granular biomass [15,7]. Knowledge on the exact value of the density of granular material is very important for numerous practical applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mattsson and Kofman [16] observed the bridging effect occurring in chopped biomass of elongated shape produced from willow. Littlefield et al [15] examined an influence of granular biomass particle size and moisture content of pecan shells. Authors determined density, compressibility, angle of internal friction parameters and flowability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Mechanical properties of sawdust and woodchips

Stasiak

Molenda

Bańda

et al. 2015

Fuel

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“…Similar result was obtained by Littlefield et al [15] for pecan shells. Higher value of density of sawdust with higher moisture content was noted by Miccio et al [17].…”

Section: Densitysupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Mechanical properties of sawdust and woodchips

Stasiak

Molenda

Bańda

et al. 2015

Fuel

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Na análise de densidade de óleos vegetais, Brock et al (2008) ). Littlefield et al (2011) verificaram que o tamanho da partícula do resíduo da casca de nozes (Caryaillinionensis) interfere na densidade aparente, obtendo 1498 kg m -3 para as partículas finas (com tamanho até 1,295 mm), 1457 kg m -3 para as partículas médias (com tamanho até 1,885 mm), 1439 kg m -3 para as grosseiras (com tamanho superior que 1,885 mm). Essas diferenças podem ser atribuídas ao método de medida de volume das amostras, em que os espaços vazios entre as partículas reduzem em partículas mais finas, aumentando a densidade do material.…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

Densidade aparente dos resíduos da polpa de maracujá

Matias

Regis

Talma

et al. 2018

Braz. J. Food Technol.

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Este é um artigo publicado em acesso aberto (Open Access) sob a licença Creative Commons Attribution, que permite uso, distribuição e reprodução em qualquer meio, sem restrições desde que o trabalho original seja corretamente citado. Densidade aparente dos resíduos da polpa de maracujáApparent density of passion fruit pulp residue ResumoO objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar a densidade aparente dos componentes do resíduo da polpa de maracujá (arilo e sementes), tendo em vista um processo de separação física desses componentes. O resíduo foi suspenso em água e agitado a 1000 rpm por 60 min para separar os componentes, sendo secos em papel-toalha para realizar as medidas de densidade aparente pelo método do balão volumétrico, utilizando álcool etílico (96 °GL) para as sementes decantadas, e hexano para os materiais suspensos em água, com 10 repetições. A densidade aparente de sementes decantadas foi de 1160 kg m -3 ; o arilo apresentou 912 kg m -3 . As sementes suspensas de Padrão 1 (sementes imaturas finas e brancas) mediram 950 kg m -3 ; Padrão 2 (sementes claras e/ou com início de pigmentação escura) apresentaram 897 kg m -3 ; Padrão 3 (escuras) mediram 851 kg m -3 . Concluiu-se que a densidade aparente das sementes decantadas é maior do que a densidade da água, possibilitando o uso do processo de separação por decantação das sementes puras e o arraste do material suspenso, de densidade inferior à densidade da água. O processo de separação do arilo por meio da remoção de sementes em suspensão não pode ser realizado em meio aquoso. Palavras-chave: Passiflora edulis Sims; Processamento de resíduos; Sementes; Arilo. AbstractThe objective of this work was to evaluate the apparent density of the pulp residue components (aryl and seeds) aiming to develop a physical separation process for these components. The residue was suspended in water and stirred at 1000 rpm for 60 min to separate the components, which were then dried on paper towelling before carrying out the apparent density measurements using the volumetric balloon method with ethyl alcohol (96 °GL) for the decanted seeds, and hexane for the material suspended in the water, with 10 replicates. The apparent density of the decanted seeds was 1160 kg m -3 and that of the aryl 912 kg m -3 . The suspended seeds of Standard 1 (immature, fine, white seeds) measured 950 kg m -3 ; of Standard 2 (white and/or with the start of dark pigmentation) presented 897 kg m -3 ; and Standard 3 (dark seeds) measured 851 kg m -3 . It was concluded that the apparent density of the decanted seeds was higher than that of the water, making it possible to develop a physical process to separate pure decanted seeds and drag out the suspended material, which has a density lower than that of water. The process of separating the suspended seeds from the aryls cannot be carried out in an aqueous medium.

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“…The piston was operated at a 1 mm/s compression rate and 6 kPa consolidating pressure. The following equation was used to calculate compressibility (Littlefield et al, 2011):…”

Section: Feedstock Physical Properties Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blended Feedstocks for Thermochemical Conversion: Biomass Characterization and Bio-Oil Production From Switchgrass-Pine Residues Blends

et al. 2018

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An abundant, low-cost, and high-quality supply of lignocellulosic feedstock is necessary to realize the large-scale implementation of biomass conversion technologies capable of producing renewable fuels, chemicals, and products. Barriers to this goal include the variability in the chemical and physical properties of available biomass, and the seasonal and geographic availability of biomass. Blending several different types of biomass to produce consistent feedstocks offers a solution to these problems and allows for control over the specifications of the feedstocks. For thermochemical conversion processes, attributes of interest include carbon content, total ash, specific inorganics, density, particle size, and moisture content. In this work, a series of switchgrass and pine residues blends with varying physical and chemical properties were evaluated. Physical and chemical properties of the pure and blended materials were measured, including compositional analysis, elemental analysis, compressibility, flowability, density, and particle size distribution. To screen blends for thermochemical conversion behavior, the analytical technique, pyrolysis gas chromatography mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS), was used to analyze the vapor-phase pyrolysis products of the various switchgrass/pine residues blends. The py-GC/MS findings were validated by investigating the bio-oils produced from the selected blends using a lab-scale fluidized-bed pyrolysis reactor system. Results indicate that the physical properties of blended materials are proportional to the blend ratio of pure feedstocks. In addition, pyrolysis of pine residues resulted in bio-oils with higher carbon content and lower oxygen content, while switchgrass derived pyrolysis products contained relatively greater amount of anhydrosugars and organic acids. The distribution of the pyrolysis vapors and isolated bio-oils appear to be a simple linear combination of the two feedstocks. The concentration of alkali and alkaline Edmunds et al.Blended Feedstocks for Thermochemical Conversion earth metals (Ca, K, Mg, and Na) in the blended feedstocks were confirmed to be a critical parameter due to their negative effects on the bio-oil yield. This work demonstrates that blending different sources of biomass can be an effective strategy to produce a consistent feedstock for thermochemical conversion.

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Physical and flow properties of pecan shells—Particle size and moisture effects

Cited by 41 publications

References 27 publications

Mechanical properties of sawdust and woodchips

Mechanical properties of sawdust and woodchips

Densidade aparente dos resíduos da polpa de maracujá

Blended Feedstocks for Thermochemical Conversion: Biomass Characterization and Bio-Oil Production From Switchgrass-Pine Residues Blends

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