Physical activity, sedentary behavior, and vitamin D metabolites

Abstract

Physical activity is associated with circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D). However, the influence of activity and/or sedentary behavior on the biologically active, seco-steroid hormone 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25(OH)2D) is unknown. We conducted a cross-sectional analysis among ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) randomized trial participants (n=876) to evaluate associations between physical activity, sedentary behavior, and circulating vitamin D metabolite concentrations. Continuous vitamin D metabolite measurements and clinical thresholds were evaluated using multiple linear and logistic regression models, mutually adjusted for either 1,25(OH)2D or 25(OH)D and additional confounding factors. A statistically significant linear association between 1,25(OH)2D and moderate-vigorous physical activity per week was strongest among women (β (95% CI): 3.10 (1.51–6.35)) versus men (β (95% CI): 1.35 (0.79–2.29)) in the highest tertile of activity compared to the lowest (p-interaction=0.003). Furthermore, 25(OH)D was 1.54 ng/ml (95% CI 1.09–1.98) higher per hour increase in moderate-vigorous activity (p=0.001) and odds of sufficient 25(OH)D status was higher among physically active participants (p=0.001). Sedentary behavior was not significantly associated with either metabolite in linear regression models, nor was a statistically significant interaction by sex identified. The current study identified novel associations between physical activity and serum 1,25(OH)2D levels, adjusted for 25(OH)D concentrations. These results identify the biologically active form of vitamin D as a potential physiologic mechanism related to observed population-level associations between moderate-vigorous physical activity with bone health and chronic disease risk. However, future longitudinal studies are needed to further evaluate the role of physical activity and vitamin D metabolites in chronic disease prevention.

The D‐vitamin metabolite 1,25(OH)2D in serum is associated with disease activity and Anti‐Citrullinated Protein Antibodies in active and treatment naïve, early Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients

“…The lipophilic vitamin D clusters in adipose tissue and leads to lower levels of circulating vitamin D, and adipose tissue is known to contribute to inflammation in RA. 46 Physical inactivity is common in RA and is associated with inflammatory activity, pain and fatigue, 47 whereas some studies also associate physical inactivity with lower vitamin D levels, including 1,25(OH) 2 D. 48 Low vitamin D levels are common in the elderly 8 and in patients with renal insufficiency. The exclusion of patients over 75 years of age and patients with renal insufficiency could lead to underestimation of the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in our cohort, compared to the general population, thereby weakening the external validity.…”

Greater Adherence to Cancer Prevention Guidelines Is Associated with Higher Circulating Concentrations of Vitamin D Metabolites in a Cross-Sectional Analysis of Pooled Participants from 2 Chemoprevention Trials

“…Similarly, in a study within the UDCA cohort included in the present study, moderate to vigorous physical activity was positively associated with 1,25 (OH) 2 D, with women experiencing the greatest increase (21). Hibler et al (21) suggested that the association between physical activity and vitamin D may be beyond sun exposure and driven (63). The major strengths of the current study include the availability of data from a prospective cohort of >1300 participants with complete data on a wide range of available baseline nutrition, physical activity, and serum vitamin D metabolite data.…”

“…Individual adherence score components were also examined for associations with adjusted mean concentrations of 25 (OH)D and 1,25(OH) 2 D. Regression modeling was also used to calculate P-trend. Potential confounders included age, education, race, smoking status, supplement use, season of blood draw, and energy intake (21,22,(38)(39)(40). A covariate was considered to be a confounder if it changed the measure of association by $10% when included in a regression model (41).…”

“…Several lifestyle factors targeted by the American Cancer Society (ACS) Nutrition and Physical Activity Cancer Prevention Guidelines, including body size, diet, and physical activity, have also been associated with circulating concentrations of vitamin D (12,21,22). Our group recently completed a systematic review that found strong and consistent evidence indicating that adherence to the ACS or similar World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research guidelines was associated with significant reductions in cancer incidence and mortality (23).…”

Associations between abnormal vitamin D metabolism pathway function and non‑small cell lung cancer

“…However, 1α,25(OH) 2 D 3 requires activation by the vitamin D metabo1ic pathway (15). Therefore, it is postulated that the aberrant expression of the essential enzymes CYP27A1, CYP27B1, and CYP24A1 may be associated with lung cancer.…”