Physical Activity Level and Self-Esteem in Middle-Aged Women

Dąbrowska-Galas, Magdalena; Dąbrowska, Jolanta

doi:10.3390/ijerph18147293

Cited by 20 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Overall, our results show that 21.24% of postmenopausal women were inactive. The results of the present study support the previous studies from Poland, where the percentage of sedentary postmenopausal women ranged from 21.85–27.03% [ 17 , 31 ]. Cabral PU et al analyzed PA levels in Brazilian postmenopausal women and reported that 29.4% of participants were inactive.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…In this study, postmenopausal women reported mostly moderate self-esteem (58.41%), and only 11.51% reported a low level of self-esteem. In our previous research, almost 32% of middle-aged women had low self-esteem [ 31 ], which was consistent with the study of Chedraui R et al, who assessed 149 Spanish women using the same tool, showing that 35.6% of postmenopausal women had low self-esteem [ 20 ]. In our study, the average value of self-esteem was 31.79 for inactive women and 29.74 in active women.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…There are mixed results about the relationship between physical activity and self-esteem. Recently, we have showed that middle-aged women with higher physical activity levels had better self-esteem [ 31 ]. In this study we concentrated on postmenopausal women, thus, it seems plausible to think that age could be a factor effecting self-esteem.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Relationship between Postmenopausal Women’s Self-Esteem and Physical Activity Level—A Survey Study from Poland

Dąbrowska-Galas

Drosdzol–Cop

2022

IJERPH

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Introduction: Physical inactivity has become one of the major public health and economic concerns in Western societies. The consequences of physical inactivity are associated with many physical problems, however, the influence of physical activity (PA) on psychological health is unclear. The aims of our study were to assess self-esteem and physical activity levels in postmenopausal women and to examine the association between physical activity levels and self-esteem in this group. Material and methods: Survey research was conducted on postmenopausal women aged M = 58.81 ± 7.68 in women’s health clinics in Silesia, Poland. The total number of participants was 131, and 18 were excluded. A questionnaire with socio-demographic data and other international questionnaires were used: International Physical Activity Questionnaire, Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale and Beck Depression inventory. Results: 78.76% of postmenopausal women were physically active. Mean value of MET-min/week was M = 1543.46 ± 1060.92. A total of 11.51% of women reported low self-esteem, with the mean total value of SES M = 31.79 ± 2.93. There was a lack of correlation between total IPAQ score and self-esteem (r = −0.241, p = 0.01). Conclusions: Postmenopausal women have mostly average self-esteem. They are generally active, and walking is the most common form of physical activity, however, a higher PA level does not influence self-esteem.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Relationship between Postmenopausal Women’s Self-Esteem and Physical Activity Level—A Survey Study from Poland

Dąbrowska-Galas

Drosdzol–Cop

2022

IJERPH

Self Cite

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“…Our results are in line with previous studies showing that a high PA level is associated with less severe menopausal symptoms [28,29]. This association may be mediated by several mechanisms, including enhanced brain aminergic synaptic transmission, increased levels of endorphin, improved self-e cacy, diversion from stressful stimuli, and improved mitochondrial function [30][31][32]. Norling et al found that exercise could induce an increase in blood ow, improve vascular integrity, and enhance angiogenesis via the actions of IGF-1, thus resulting in the reversal of rarefaction and hypertension, and enhancement of cerebral blood ow and cognition [33].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

The Effect of Physical Activity on the Severity of Menopausal Symptoms: A Cross-sectional Study

Yi²,

ZHAO

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Objective To investigate the effect of physical activity on the severity of menopausal symptoms in middle-aged women in northwest China. Methods This was a cross-sectional internet survey study. Using a snowball sampling method, 468 women aged 45 to 60 were recruited from northwest China and their demographic information was collected. We then assessed their modified Kupperman Menopausal Index (mKMI) and International Physical Activity Questionnaire short form (IPAQ-SF). Random forest (RF) was used to rank variable importance and select their optimal combination. An ordinal logistic regression model was further applied to explain the direction and relative risk (odds ratio value) of selected variables. Results The prevalence of menopausal syndromes was 74.8% and more than one-half of the participants had moderate or severe symptoms (54.3%). The Mantel-Haenszel linear-by-linear chi-square test showed a strong and negative correlation between the severity of menopausal symptoms and the level of physical activity. RF analysis demonstrated that the most significant variable associated with the severity of menopausal symptoms was physical activity level. Multiple RF regressions showed that the out-of-bag (OOB) error rate reaches the minimum when the top 4 variables (physical activity level, menopausal status, perceived health status, and parity) in the importance ranking form an optimal variable combination. Ordinal logistic regression analysis showed that a higher physical activity level and a satisfactory perceived health status might be protective factors for menopausal symptoms (odds ratio (OR) < 1); whereas perimenopausal or postmenopausal status and 2 parities might be risk factors for menopausal symptoms (OR > 1). Conclusions Physical activity has a very important effect on the severity of menopausal symptoms. There is a strong negative correlation between them. Although these findings need to be confirmed by prospective longitudinal studies, physical activity is still recommended to improve menopausal symptoms, thereby increasing the quality of life.

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“…Therefore, PA and emotional well-being associations keep before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Concerning the sex subgroups, inactive women obtained a GHQ-12 median score of 12, the threshold for emotional distress, while this value decreased to 8 in women who performed higher PA. Also, in women, the PAL and self-esteem were related: higher self-esteem was reported at moderate and high PAL [ 64 ]. Inactive men had a self-esteem score of 10, which decreased to 8 in those who performed greater PA.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations between Physical Activity Level and Mental Health in the Spanish Population: A Cross-Sectional Study

et al. 2022

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Physical inactivity and sedentary lifestyles appear to be critical factors in developing mental health problems, including depression, anxiety, and other diseases in developed societies. This study analysed the associations between physical activity level (PAL) and mental health using the Goldberg General Health Questionnaire (GHQ12) in the Spanish population before the COVID-19 pandemic. A cross-sectional design, based on data from the Spanish National Health Survey (ENSE 2017), the last health survey before the pandemic, was carried out with 17,641 participants. Data did not follow a normal distribution, so non-parametric tests were used to analyse intergroup differences, differences at baseline and post hoc, and correlations between variables. Associations were found between the PAL, mental health and all its dimensions. The groups that performed moderate and intense PAL showed lower values in the GHQ12 questionnaire than those who walked or were inactive. Thus, higher PAL was associated with better mental health indicators, including successful coping, self-esteem and stress. This study provides a framework to compare outcomes between the pre- and post-pandemic periods, as the ENSE is performed every five years.

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Physical Activity Level and Self-Esteem in Middle-Aged Women

Cited by 20 publications

References 40 publications

The Relationship between Postmenopausal Women’s Self-Esteem and Physical Activity Level—A Survey Study from Poland

The Relationship between Postmenopausal Women’s Self-Esteem and Physical Activity Level—A Survey Study from Poland

The Effect of Physical Activity on the Severity of Menopausal Symptoms: A Cross-sectional Study

Associations between Physical Activity Level and Mental Health in the Spanish Population: A Cross-Sectional Study

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