Physical activity, but not active commuting to school, is associated with cardiorespiratory fitness levels in young people

Muntaner‐Mas, Adrià; Herrador‐Colmenero, Manuel; Borràs, Pere Antoni; Chillón, Palma

doi:10.1016/j.jth.2018.05.004

Cited by 12 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…It is also possible that those attending secondary schools may be afforded more independence and rely less on parents to transport them to school [46]. Another explanation may be that adolescents are more likely to be active commuters to school than children [47][48][49], as parents place fewer restrictions as they are more confident of their ability to negotiate traffic safely [50].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in and the mediating role of physical activity in relation to active school transport, fitness and adiposity among Spanish youth: the UP&DOWN longitudinal study

Camiletti-Moirón

Timperio

Veitch

et al. 2020

Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act

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Background: Longitudinal changes in child and adolescent active school transport (AST), and the mediating role of different intensities of daily physical activity (PA) levels in relation to AST and physical fitness and adiposity indicators is unclear. This study aimed to: 1) describe longitudinal changes in AST, light PA (LPA), moderate-to vigorous-intensity PA (MVPA), physical fitness and adiposity indicators over three time-points; and 2) investigate the mediating role of LPA and MVPA levels on associations between AST and physical fitness and adiposity indicators over three time-points among children and adolescents. Methods: This longitudinal study comprised 1646 Spanish children and adolescents (48.8% girls, mean age 12.5 years ±2.5) at baseline, recruited from schools in Cádiz and Madrid. Mode of commuting to school was selfreported at baseline (T0, 2011-12), 1-year (T1) and 2-year follow-up (T2). PA was assessed using accelerometers. Handgrip strength, standing long jump and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) assessed physical fitness. Height, weight, body mass index, waist circumference, and triceps and subscapular skinfold thickness were measured. Multilevel linear regression analyses assessed changes in AST, PA levels, physical fitness and adiposity indicators over three time-points (T0-T1-T2). Additionally, longitudinal path analysis (n = 453; mean age [years] 12.6 ± 2.4) was used to test the mediating effects of LPA and MVPA levels on the association between AST and physical fitness and adiposity indicators.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in and the mediating role of physical activity in relation to active school transport, fitness and adiposity among Spanish youth: the UP&DOWN longitudinal study

Camiletti-Moirón

Timperio

Veitch

et al. 2020

Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act

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“…The only prospective investigation screened showed that active commuting by cycling in children over a span of six years, increased the PF in 14% [33]. On the other hand, in four studies an association between active commuting and PF was not observed [3,29,32,34]. In one study, mixed results were observed.…”

Section: Children/adolescentmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…From the 11 studies focused on children/adolescents, four were performed in Spain, two in England, two in Norway, one in Sweden, one in Brazil, and one in Colombia. Furthermore, eight were cross-sectional [3,12,[27][28][29][30][31][32], one prospective cohort [33], one quasi-experimental [34], and one experimental [35]. The CRF was the PF attribute assessed the most (nine studies), while MF was assessed in three studies [3,27], and agility in two studies [3,31].…”

Section: Children/adolescentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Active Commuting and Physical Fitness: A Systematic Review

Henriques‐Neto

Peralta

Garradas

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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Physical fitness (PF) is considered an excellent biomarker of health. One possible strategy to improve PF levels is active commuting. This review, performed accordingly to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews guidelines includes scientific articles published in peer-reviewed journals up to December 2019 that aim at examining the relationship between active travel/commuting and PF. The search was performed in three databases (PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science). Sixteen studies were included in this review. Findings from the 16 studies were unclear. From the eleven studies on children and adolescents screened, eight were cross-sectional, one prospective cohort, one quasi-experimental, and one experimental. From the five studies on adults, four were experimental and one cross-sectional. Body mass, waist circumference, skinfolds, fat mass, cardiorespiratory fitness, upper and lower strength tests were performed in children, adolescents, and adults. Agility and speed tests were performed only in the young age groups. Majority of the investigations on young ages and adults have shown positive effects or relationships between active commuting and several attributes of PF. However, to avoid misconceptions, there is a need for future robust investigation to identify potential mediators or confounders in this relationship. More robust investigations are essential to understand how and whether decision-makers and public health authorities can use active travel/commuting as a strategy to improve PF in all ages.

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“…In contrast, passive commuting refers to the use of motorized vehicles as a way of transport, such as car, bus, subway, train, motorcycle, or others (Villa-González et al, 2016a). ACS has been recognized as a potential tool to increase daily physical activity or improve physical fitness among adolescents (Larouche et al, 2014;Martin et al, 2016;Muntaner-Mas et al, 2018;Slingerland, Borghouts & Hesselink, 2012). Andersen et al (2011) tested the benefits of this increase in adolescents, reporting lower levels of body fat and a lower probability of heart disease.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In accordance to this issue, previous studies (Chillón et al, 2011;Muntaner-Mas et al, 2018) has highlighted the need to objectively quantify the environmental characteristics of the routes because of the great variety of factors that influence active commuting (for example, environmental characteristics, economic level of families, use of information and communication technologies, family aspects, cultural patterns…). However, few studies have focused on objectively quantifying physical environmental attributes as the average slope during ACS at school (Batista, Cooper & Audrey, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between the average slope in the active commuting to and from school and fitness in adolescents: the mediator role of fatness

Miguel

Oliva

Vaquero-Solís

et al. 2020

PeerJ

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Active commuting to and from school (ACS) has been recognized as a potential tool to improve physical fitness. Thus, this study aims to test the relationships between the average slope in the ACS and physical fitness, as well as to verify the mediator role of fatness in the relationship between average slope and physical fitness. A total of 257 participants, 137 boys and 120 girls, from 22 schools belonged to first and second High School grades participated in this study. Based on self-reported measure and Google Earth, participants were grouped into the active commuter (number of trips was ≥5, and the time of the trip was ≥15 min), mixed commuter (number of weekly trips was <5, and the time spent on the trip was <15 min) and passive commuter groups (those who reported traveling regularly by car, motorcycle, or bus). Specifically, in the active commuter group, a positive association between the average slope in the ACS with fatness was found, which in turn was positively related to strength lower limbs and cardiorrespiratory fitness. The average slope was not significantly associated with physical fitness indicators. Furtheremore, fatness did not mediate the relathionship between average slope and physical fitness. This research concluded positive associations between average slope and the body fat in the ACS. The tendency of findings signal that the average slope should be taken into account along with the distance, time and frequency of the active commuting.

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Physical activity, but not active commuting to school, is associated with cardiorespiratory fitness levels in young people

Cited by 12 publications

References 40 publications

Changes in and the mediating role of physical activity in relation to active school transport, fitness and adiposity among Spanish youth: the UP&DOWN longitudinal study

Changes in and the mediating role of physical activity in relation to active school transport, fitness and adiposity among Spanish youth: the UP&DOWN longitudinal study

Active Commuting and Physical Fitness: A Systematic Review

Relationship between the average slope in the active commuting to and from school and fitness in adolescents: the mediator role of fatness

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