Physical Activity and the Circadian Rhythm of Blood Pressure

Mann, Stewart; Craig, M. W. Millar; Melville, Donald I.; Balasubramanian, Vijay; Raftery, E. B.

doi:10.1042/cs057291s

Cited by 66 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 4 publications

(4 reference statements)

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“…By using ambulatory monitoring techniques we have been able to record blood pressure and heart rate during normal daily activities, most subjects being able to attend their work normally and sleep at home. (Mann, Millar Craig, Melville, Cashman, Altman and Raftery, 1980). The circadian trends of heart rate and blood pressure in the untreated groups in this study are similar to those obtained in other studies of hypertensive patients (Millar Craig, Bishop & Raftery, 1978) and indeed the changes produced by propranolol LA are similar to those seen when patients have been treated with other /3-adrenoceptor blocking agents.…”

Section: Drug Tolerancesupporting

confidence: 78%

Propranolol LA and ambulatory blood pressure.

Mann¹,

Craig²,

Balasubramanian³

et al. 1980

Brit J Clinical Pharma

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1 The technique of continuous recording of intra-arterial blood pressure in ambulant hypertensives has been used to investigate the effects of a long-acting formulation ofpropranolol (propranolol LA). 2 Seven subjects with untreated essential hypertension were studied before and 2 months after commencing treatment with propranolol LA once daily in the morning, results showing that smooth control of blood pressure and heart rate occurred throughout 24 h. 3 Bicycle ergometry tests performed by these subjects during both studies showed significant blood pressure reduction by propranolol LA during the mild and moderate grades of dynamic exercise. 4 In a parallel study where six treated hypertensives were monitored before and after substitution of standard propranolol by the 'LA' form, close correspondence of blood pressure throughout the 24 h occurred with each regimen.

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Section: Drug Tolerancesupporting

confidence: 78%

Propranolol LA and ambulatory blood pressure.

Mann¹,

Craig²,

Balasubramanian³

et al. 1980

Brit J Clinical Pharma

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“…First of all blood pressure seems to show a circadian variation although it is strongly influenced by the activities undertaken (Mann et al, 1979;Millar-Craigh et al, 1978;Schneider & Costiloe, 1975). Blood pressure has been shown to be higher during work, while lower at home and lowest during sleep (Pickering et al, 1982;Sherwood & Carels, 2000).…”

Section: Stress and The Cardiovascular Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Work stress and overtime work: Effects on cortisol, sleep, sleepiness and health

Dahlgren¹

2006

PsycEXTRA Dataset

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Work stress and overtime work -effects on cortisol, sleep, sleepiness and healthAkademisk avhandling som för avläggande av filosofie doktorsexamen vid Stockholms Universitet offentligen försvaras på det engelska språket i David Magnussonsalen, Psykologiska Institutionen, Stockholms Universitet, fredagen den 15 december kl. 10.00 Anna DahlgrenIn Sweden the National Bureau of Statistics has reported an increase in stress-related disorders and sleep problems since the mid-1990's. They also report that the number of hours of overtime worked has increased. Previous research on work-related stress and overtime work has demonstrated associations with altered physiological arousal, increased risk for stress related diseases, shorter sleep, greater fatigue and impaired performance. However, there is a lack of knowledge on the effects within individuals. The general aim of the thesis was to investigate the effect of overtime work and increased work stress on sleep, the diurnal pattern of cortisol, sleepiness and subjective stress in a within-subject design. In addition, it examined individual differences in the diurnal cortisol response to stress. We used a combination of methods -questionnaires, sleep and wake diaries, objective measures of sleep, stress hormones (salivary cortisol) and ambulatory measures of heart rate and blood pressure. Studies followed office workers during two different conditions of (I) high/low work stress and (II) overtime work respectively. The individual differences in the cortisol response to stress from study I prompted study III. In this study we examined two groups that showed different cortisol responses to stress.In conclusion, the results (I) demonstrated that a week with higher workload and stress affects physiological stress markers such as cortisol, and is associated with increased sleepiness and problems of unwinding at bedtime, shorter sleep duration and longer work hours. Furthermore (II) overtime work, under conditions of relatively low workload, was shown to be associated with modest effects on physiological markers of arousal. More pronounced effects were found on sleep and fatigue, with greater problems during overtime work. Study III indicated that individual differences in cortisol response to stress maybe related to fatigue and exhaustion. RESULTS -SUMMARY OF STUDIES 36Study I -Different levels of work-related stress and the effects on sleep, fatigue and cortisol 36Study II-Overtime work and its effect on sleep, sleepiness, cortisol and blood pressure 38Study III -Individual differences in the diurnal cortisol response to stress 41 DISCUSSION 43Work IntroductionThe present thesis is focused on work related stress and long work hours. In 2005 24.4% of the Swedish workforce was experiencing work-related disorders (SCB, 2005). Stress and mental strain were the most common causes of work-related disorders among women and the third most common among men, with 13 per cent of the women having stress related disorders and 7.4 per cent of the men. Stress in working life can be asso...

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“…Results from the three patients who were monitored both during thrice-daily and once-daily therapy (Figure 2) agreed closely throughout the 24 h. No recording in the pindolol study required substantial editing but one subject who completed both phases was a night-worker. Since his pattern of circadian blood pressure variation was unusual (Mann et aL, 1980a) his results were excluded from the pretreatment comparisons but not the crossover study, where comparability of treatment effects rather than alteration of the shape of the curve was being assessed. For the comparison of pretreatment results with those obtained during pindolol given once daily (Figure 3) and twice daily (Figure 4) data from all subjects were used whether taking the particular regi- …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The validity of the use of these methods of monitoring and analysis in assessing effects of treatment has been questioned especially where physical activity has not been carefully standardised (Rowlands et al, 1980). However, a study of the reproducibility of our techniques on a day-to-day basis has yielded encouraging results (Mann et al, 1980a). With regard to this trial, a balanced crossover would have been ideal but difficult to achieve since up to 50% of subjects quite Time of day (h)…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Once daily beta‐adrenoceptor blockade in hypertension: an ambulatory assessment.

Mann¹,

Craig²,

Balasubramanian³

et al. 1981

Brit J Clinical Pharma

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1 The ambulant intra-arterial blood pressure of eighteen hypertensive subjects was monitored before and again after 3 months treatment with thrice daily sotalol (six patients), twice daily pindolol (six patients) and once daily pindolol (six patients). 2 Three patients in the sotalol group underwent a third study having changed to a once daily regimen; similarly six patients in the pindolol groups were restudied having crossed over to the alternative pindolol dosing regimen, total daily dosage being maintained in all cases. 3 Comparison of 24 h blood pressure curves before and after treatment showed effective daytime reduction but less consistent effects at night. 4 In the crossover experiments once daily and multiple daily dosing regimens produced identical patterns of reduction over 24 h in both blood pressure and heart rate.5 It is inferred that in the treatment of hypertension, once daily dosing with standard preparations of ,-adrenoceptor blocking agents is probably adequate.

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Physical Activity and the Circadian Rhythm of Blood Pressure

Cited by 66 publications

References 4 publications

Propranolol LA and ambulatory blood pressure.

Propranolol LA and ambulatory blood pressure.

Work stress and overtime work: Effects on cortisol, sleep, sleepiness and health

Once daily beta‐adrenoceptor blockade in hypertension: an ambulatory assessment.

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