Physical activity and osteoporosis in post-menopausal women

Oyster, Nancy; Morton, Max; Linnell, Sheri

doi:10.1249/00005768-198401000-00009

Cited by 69 publications

(23 citation statements)

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“…However, the significant prevalence ofthe disease in aging men and its absence in some postmenopausal women indicate that other factors are also important in determining bone mass and hence the risk of osteoporotic fractures. Environmental factors such as tobacco and alcohol use, physical activity, and body weight have all been reported to influence bone mass (4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10). A genetic contribution to bone mass has previously been reported for the bones of the upper limb (1 1-13).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic determinants of bone mass in adults. A twin study.

Pocock¹,

Eisman²,

Hopper³

et al. 1987

J. Clin. Invest.

1,125

483

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The relative importance of genetic factors in determining bone mass in different parts of the skeleton is poorly understood. Lumbar spine and proximal femur bone mineral density and forearm bone mineral content were measured by photon absorptiometry in 38 monozygotic and 27 dizygotic twin pairs. Bone mineral density was significantly more highly correlated in monozygotic than in dizygotic twins for the spine and proximal femur and in the forearm of premenopausal twin pairs, which is consistent with significant genetic contributions to bone mass at all these sites. The lesser genetic contribution to proximal femur and distal forearm bone mass compared with the spine suggests that environmental factors are of greater importance in the aetiology of osteopenia of the hip and wrist. This is the first demonstration of a genetic contribution to bone mass of the spine and proximal femur in adults and confirms similar findings of the forearm. Furthermore, bivariate analysis suggested that a single gene or set of genes determines bone mass at all sites.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic determinants of bone mass in adults. A twin study.

Pocock¹,

Eisman²,

Hopper³

et al. 1987

J. Clin. Invest.

1,125

483

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…While the postmenopausal state is considered to be a major factor, decreased physical activity has also been reported to be significantly related to the development of osteoporosis (2)(3)(4).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical fitness is a major determinant of femoral neck and lumbar spine bone mineral density.

Pocock¹,

Eisman²,

Yeates³

et al. 1986

J. Clin. Invest.

251

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The relationship between physical fitness and bone mass in the femoral neck, lumbar spine, and forearm was studied in 84 normal women. Femoral neck and lumbar spine bone mineral density and forearm bone mineral content were estimated by absorptiometry. Fitness was quantitated from predicted maximal oxygen uptake. Femoral neck and lumbar bone mineral density were significantly correlated with fitness as well as age and weight.in the 46 postmenopausal'subjects, fitness was the only significant predictor of femoral neck bone mineral density, and both weight and fitness predicted the lumbar bone mineral density. These data represent the first demonstration of a correlation between physical fitness, and, by implication, habitual physical activity, and bone mass in the femoral neck; they also support the previous reported correlation between lumbar bone mass and physical activity. The data suggest that increased physical fitness may increase bone mass at the sites of clinically important fractures in osteoporosis.

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“…Moreover, the elderly are often subjected to periods of inactivity, such as bed rest, due to diseases or surgeries. The association of inactivity with decreases in muscle mass and bone density in young people and animals is well documented, and the mechanisms responsible for these losses have been the subject of intense investigation (2,20,23,39,40,49,51).Recent evidence suggests that the increased bone fragility that occurs with aging is multifactorial: decreased bone mineral density (BMD), as well as changes in bone microarchitecture and strength, contribute to the increase in fracture risk that is associated with osteopenia (9, 12, 18). The cellular basis for age-related bone loss is similarly multifactorial: reductions in bone formation and increases in bone resorption (59).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Aging alters the skeletal response to disuse in the rat

Perrien¹,

Akel²,

Dupont‐Versteegden³

et al. 2007

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

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Perrien DS, Akel NS, Dupont-Versteegden EE, Skinner RA, Siegel ER, Suva LJ, Gaddy D. Aging alters the skeletal response to disuse in the rat. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 292: R988 -R996, 2007. First published October 26, 2006; doi:10.1152/ajpregu.00302.2006.-Disuse has been shown to cause a rapid and dramatic loss of skeletal mass and strength in the loadbearing bones of young and mature animals and humans. However, little is known about the skeletal effects of disuse in aged mammals. The present study was designed to determine whether the skeletal effects of disuse are maintained with extreme age. Fischer 344/Brown Norway male rats (6 and 32 mo old) were hindlimb suspended (HS) or housed individually for 2 wk. Trabecular volume and microarchitecture in the proximal tibia were significantly decreased by HS only in young rats. HS significantly reduced cortical bone mineral density and increased cortical porosity only in old rats by inducing new pore formation. Cortical pore diameter was also increased in old rats, regardless of loading condition. Ex vivo osteogenic and adipogenic cultures established from each group demonstrated that age and HS decreased osteoblastogenesis. Age, but not HS, decreased sensitivity to endogenous bone morphogenetic protein stimulation, as measured by treatment with exogenous Noggin. Adipocyte development increased with age, whereas HS suppressed sensitivity to peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-␥-induced differentiation. Serum insulin-like growth factor I levels were reduced with HS in young rats and with age in control and HS rats. These results suggest that the site of bone loss due to disuse is altered with age and that the loss of osteogenic potential with disuse in the old rats may be due to the combined effects of decreased insulin-like growth factor I levels and sensitivity, as well as diminished bone morphogenetic protein production. hindlimb suspension; osteopenia; osteoblast; bone morphogenetic protein; insulin-like growth factor I AGING IS ASSOCIATED WITH FUNCTIONAL changes in many tissues, such as a decline in muscle mass and strength and reduced bone density (8,16,30,38,42,59). With aging, bone and muscle mass regress in a parallel fashion (51). The osteopenia has far-reaching consequences on the ability of the elderly to perform tasks of daily living and to be functionally independent. Indeed, one of the major concerns of aging is the loss of bone mass and strength, which is associated with an increased risk of fractures (1,9,18,51). Moreover, the elderly are often subjected to periods of inactivity, such as bed rest, due to diseases or surgeries. The association of inactivity with decreases in muscle mass and bone density in young people and animals is well documented, and the mechanisms responsible for these losses have been the subject of intense investigation (2,20,23,39,40,49,51).Recent evidence suggests that the increased bone fragility that occurs with aging is multifactorial: decreased bone mineral density (BMD), as well as changes in bone m...

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Physical activity and osteoporosis in post-menopausal women

Cited by 69 publications

References 0 publications

Genetic determinants of bone mass in adults. A twin study.

Genetic determinants of bone mass in adults. A twin study.

Physical fitness is a major determinant of femoral neck and lumbar spine bone mineral density.

Aging alters the skeletal response to disuse in the rat

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