Physical activity and memory functions: An interventional study

Ruscheweyh, Ruth; Willemer, C.; Krüger, Karsten; Duning, Thomas; Warnecke, Tobias; Sommer, Jens; Völker, Klaus; Ho, HY; Mooren, Frank C.; Knecht, Stefan; Flöel, Agnes

doi:10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2009.08.001

Cited by 409 publications

(382 citation statements)

References 121 publications

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“…Randomized controlled trials provide evidence that aerobic exercise (Klusmann et al., 2010) and resistance exercise (Cassilhas et al., 2007) training can improve episodic memory in cognitively healthy older adults. Additionally, changes in physical activity/CRF following an exercise intervention have been positively associated with episodic memory performance (Maass et al., 2015; Ruscheweyh et al., 2011). The findings of the current study are in part consistent and show that in addition to self‐reported physical activity and estimated fitness, objectively measured CRF (VO 2 peak) is associated with episodic memory in at‐risk older adult men.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationships between cardiorespiratory fitness, hippocampal volume, and episodic memory in a population at risk for Alzheimer's disease

et al. 2017

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IntroductionCardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) has been shown to be related to brain health in older adults. In individuals at risk for developing Alzheimer's disease (AD), CRF may be a modifiable risk factor that could attenuate anticipated declines in brain volume and episodic memory. The objective of this study was to determine the association between CRF and both hippocampal volume and episodic memory in a cohort of cognitively healthy older adults with familial and/or genetic risk for Alzheimer's disease (AD).MethodsEighty‐six enrollees from the Wisconsin Registry for Alzheimer's Prevention participated in this study. Participants performed a graded maximal exercise test, underwent a T‐1 anatomical magnetic resonance imaging scan, and completed the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT).ResultsThere were no significant relationships between CRF and HV or RAVLT memory scores for the entire sample. When the sample was explored on the basis of gender, CRF was significantly associated with hippocampal volume for women. For men, significant positive associations were observed between CRF and RAVLT memory scores.SummaryThese results suggest that CRF may be protective against both hippocampal volume and episodic memory decline in older adults at risk for AD, but that the relationships may be gender specific.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationships between cardiorespiratory fitness, hippocampal volume, and episodic memory in a population at risk for Alzheimer's disease

et al. 2017

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“…Previous findings also suggested that prolonged physical exercise stimulates neurogenesis resulting in an increase in the number of new neurons in the adult mammalian hippocampus (19, 20, 24, 35). The aforementioned results provide evidence to purport that physical exercise promotes overall brain health as well as facilitates neuronal and synaptic plasticity (11,22,33,42,60,66,73,74). The implication is that physical exercise induces the release of BDNF which crosses the blood-brain barrier (14) thereby facilitating neurotransmission, promoting neuroplasticity (5, 12, 23, 26, 27, 52, 66), and mediating baroreceptor activity (43).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Effect of long-term physical exercise on blood pressure in African Americans

Bell¹

2015

J Obes Weight Loss Ther

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exercise has been shown to noticeably reduce blood pressure (BP) and remarkably attenuate symptoms of hypertension. It is believed that physical exercise induces these beneficial effects by increasing the blood supply to the brain, enhancing the release of growth factors from skeletal muscles into the bloodstream, facilitating neurogenesis, stimulating angiogenesis, and influencing endothelial cell proliferation and subsequent endothelial cell membrane permeability. Previous findings also revealed that physical exercise significantly elevates brainderived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) concentrations which appear to increase dramatically in BPsensing neurons during hypertension. Elevating BDNF levels is the proposed mechanism by which physical exercise reduces BP and lowers hypertension risk. Relatively effective measures exist today to prevent or delay much of the burden of hypertension and curtail or remediate the devastating consequences of chronic elevated BP over time. Nevertheless, this medical problem contributes to excess risk for morbidity and mortality and is a major public health concern, especially among minority populations. To date, however, it appears as though few studies have focused on the impact of non-pharmacological, behavioral interventions such as physical exercise on BP in minorities. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to examine the effect of long-term exercise on BP in an African American sample. Specifically, the aim was to determine whether a 12-week moderate intensity physical exercise program would significantly decrease BP. Because data provided evidence to support the hypothesis tested, it was concluded that physical exercise resulted in a significant reduction in BP in the African Americans sampled.

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“…Physical activity has been found to increase vascular volume fraction, BDNF and gray matter volume 8,19,20) .…”

Section: ⅳ．Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Gray matter consists of neurons, constituting a major component of the central nervous system. It has previously been suggested that physical activity can induce neurogenesis 8,19) . In addition, the neurotransmitter dopamine has also been shown to increase in response to exercise training 8) .…”

Section: ⅳ．Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…response to regular walking among the elderly 5) as well as jogging among young adults 6) . Additionally, hippocampal volume and spatial memory are positively correlated with aerobic fitness 7) , and aerobic exercise may increase the volume of prefrontal gray matter 8) . Although the mechanisms underlying the beneficial effect of physical activity on the brain are not well understood, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and dopamine may be involved.…”

Section: Semi-independent Elderlymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Home Based Exercise Effects on Cognition in the Semi-Independent Elderly

et al. 2011

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This study sought to determine whether aerobic exercise training affects cognitive functioning among semi-independent (> 75 years) and independent elderly people. Seventysix semi-independent and independent elderly subjects were divided into the following groups: semi-independent control (n = 16); semi-independent training (n = 13); independent control (n = 22); independent training (n = 25). During the 12-week intervention, subjects in both training groups performed a bench-stepping exercise at the intensity of the lactate threshold. Subjects were assessed at baseline and post-intervention using the Frontal Assessment Battery test (FAB), the Modified Mini-Mental State Exam (3MS), and a bench-stepping test of aerobic capacity. During the intervention, FAB scores improved only in the semi-independent training group (p = .002), while 3MS and MMSE scores improved in both the semi-independent training (p = .032 and p = .004) and independent training groups (p = .001 and p = .013). FAB and 3MS scores were higher in the semi-independent training (p = .001 and p = .002) compared with the semi-independent control group after the intervention. Finally, post-intervention scores for FAB, and 3MS in the semi-independent training group almost reached the baseline levels of the independent control and independent training groups. These results indicate that moderate intensity bench-stepping exercise training can improve cognitive and frontal lobe functioning in semi-independent elderly people, almost to the level exhibited by independent elderly people.(Jpn. J. Phys. Fitness Sports Med., 60（ 4 ）: 379-386 (2011))

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Physical activity and memory functions: An interventional study

Cited by 409 publications

References 121 publications

Relationships between cardiorespiratory fitness, hippocampal volume, and episodic memory in a population at risk for Alzheimer's disease

Relationships between cardiorespiratory fitness, hippocampal volume, and episodic memory in a population at risk for Alzheimer's disease

Effect of long-term physical exercise on blood pressure in African Americans

Home Based Exercise Effects on Cognition in the Semi-Independent Elderly

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