Physical Activity and Body Mass Index and Their Associations With the Development of Type 2 Diabetes in Korean Men

Lee, Duck-chul; Park, Ilhyeok; Jun, Tae-Won; Nam, Byung–Ho; Cho, Sung-Il; Blair, Steven N.; Kim, Yeon Soo

doi:10.1093/aje/kwr471

Cited by 35 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Follow-up time varied from 3 [42] to 23.1 [60] years. Twelve studies were conducted in the USA [12,14,35,38,46,58,[60][61][62][63][64][65], six in Asia [47,57,59,[66][67][68], two in Australia [40,42] and eight across Europe [13,36,37,39,41,[69][70][71]. All cohorts relied on self-reported PA collected using questionnaires or by interview, apart from one study in Hawaiians [58].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical activity and incident type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and dose–response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies

et al. 2016

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Aims/hypothesis Inverse associations between physical activity (PA) and type 2 diabetes mellitus are well known. However, the shape of the dose-response relationship is still uncertain. This review synthesises results from longitudinal studies in general populations and uses non-linear models of the association between PA and incident type 2 diabetes. Methods A systematic literature search identified 28 prospective studies on leisure-time PA (LTPA) or total PA and risk of type 2 diabetes. PA exposures were converted into metabolic equivalent of task (MET) h/week and marginal MET (MMET) h/week, a measure only considering energy expended above resting metabolic rate. Restricted cubic splines were used to model the exposure-disease relationship.Results Our results suggest an overall non-linear relationship; using the cubic spline model we found a risk reduction of 26% (95% CI 20%, 31%) for type 2 diabetes among those who achieved 11.25 MET h/week (equivalent to 150 min/week of moderate activity) relative to inactive individuals. Achieving twice this amount of PA was associated with a risk reduction of 36% (95% CI 27%, 46%), with further reductions at higher doses (60 MET h/week, risk reduction of 53%). Results for the MMET h/week dose-response curve were similar for moderate intensity PA, but benefits were greater for higher intensity PA and smaller for lower intensity activity. Conclusions/interpretation Higher levels of LTPA were associated with substantially lower incidence of type 2 diabetes in the general population. The relationship between LTPA and type 2 diabetes was curvilinear; the greatest relative benefits are achieved at low levels of activity, but additional benefits can be realised at exposures considerably higher than those prescribed by public health recommendations.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical activity and incident type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and dose–response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies

et al. 2016

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“…A list of the excluded studies and the exclusion reasons is found in the Supplemental Table S3. For one study, we used results from a duplicate publication [31] in the subgroup analysis of gender because results were not stratified by gender in the most recent study [62] and for another study we used data from the publication with the largest number of cases for the high versus low analysis [59], but we used data from an overlapping publication [65] for the dose-response analysis because there was not sufficient information in the former publication.…”

Section: Study Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…4b, Supplemental Table S5). Ten studies (9 publications) [3,16,26,40,41,43,61,65,68] were included in the dose-response analysis of hours per week of leisure-time activity (two of these studies provided only a continuous risk estimate [3,41] ) and the summary RR was 0.75 (95 % CI 0.67-0.85, I 2 = 89 %, p heterogeneity \ 0.0001) per 5 h per week (Fig. 4c).…”

Section: Leisure-time Physical Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical activity and the risk of type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and dose–response meta-analysis

Aune

Norat

Leitzmann³

et al. 2015

Eur J Epidemiol

633

463

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We investigated the association between specific types of physical activity and the risk of type 2 diabetes in a systematic review and meta-analysis of published studies. PubMed, Embase and Ovid databases were searched for prospective studies and randomized trials up to 2nd of March 2015. Summary relative risks (RRs) were calculated using a random effects model. Eighty-one studies were included. The summary RRs for high versus low activity were 0.65 (95 % CI 0.59-0.71, I(2) = 18 %, n = 14) for total physical activity, 0.74 (95 % CI 0.70-0.79, I(2) = 84 %, n = 55) for leisure-time activity, 0.61 (95 % CI 0.51-0.74, I(2) = 73 %, n = 8) for vigorous activity, 0.68 (95 % CI 0.52-0.90, I(2) = 93 %, n = 5) for moderate activity, 0.66 (95 % CI 0.47-0.94, I(2) = 47 %, n = 4) for low intensity activity, and 0.85 (95 % CI 0.79-0.91, I(2) = 0 %, n = 7) for walking. Inverse associations were also observed for increasing activity over time, resistance exercise, occupational activity and for cardiorespiratory fitness. Nonlinear relations were observed for leisure-time activity, vigorous activity, walking and resistance exercise (p nonlinearity < 0.0001 for all), with steeper reductions in type 2 diabetes risk at low activity levels than high activity levels. This meta-analysis provides strong evidence for an inverse association between physical activity and risk of type 2 diabetes, which may partly be mediated by reduced adiposity. All subtypes of physical activity appear to be beneficial. Reductions in risk are observed up to 5-7 h of leisure-time, vigorous or low intensity physical activity per week, but further reductions cannot be excluded beyond this range.

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“…While obesity and physical inactivity are recognised as the main risk factors associated with the increase in diabetes, the role of other determinants that could potentially be corrected more easily is often a subject of current research [1,2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum potassium is associated with prediabetes and newly diagnosed diabetes in hypertensive adults from the general population: The KORA F4-Study

et al. 2012

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Aims/hypothesis Evidence suggests that low serum potassium concentrations or hypokalaemia induced by the intake of diuretics are associated with incident diabetes and increased risk for diabetes in persons with hypertension. We examined a possible association between serum potassium and prediabetes (defined as isolated impaired fasting glucose Results In the total sample there was no association between serum potassium concentrations and prediabetes. In hypertensive persons however serum potassium levels in the first and second quartile compared with the highest quartile were independently significantly associated with prediabetes after multivariable adjustment (OR for prediabetes, 2.02 [95% CI 1.27, 3.21] for quartile 2 and 2.00 [95% CI 1.27, 3.15] for quartile 1), while in persons without hypertension no association was found. In multinomial logistic regression analysis these findings could be confirmed. In hypertensive participants after multivariable adjustment the associations were statistically significant for i-IGT and NDD (i-IGT OR 1.23; NDD OR 1.41). However, in non-hypertensive persons, all associations between serum potassium levels and each of the categories of impaired glucose regulation were non-significant. Conclusions/interpretation Serum potassium levels were independently associated with prediabetes and NDD in hypertensive adults from the general population.

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Physical Activity and Body Mass Index and Their Associations With the Development of Type 2 Diabetes in Korean Men

Cited by 35 publications

References 32 publications

Physical activity and incident type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and dose–response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies

Physical activity and incident type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and dose–response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies

Physical activity and the risk of type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and dose–response meta-analysis

Serum potassium is associated with prediabetes and newly diagnosed diabetes in hypertensive adults from the general population: The KORA F4-Study

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