Phylogeny of Milkweed Tussocks (Arctiidae: Arctiinae: Phaegopterini) and Its Implications for Evolution of Ultrasound Communication

A new species of Euchaetes Harris from southern Arizona (Erebidae, Arctiinae)

“…Genitalia were imaged using a Leica DFC450 camera, Leica Application Suite 4.8 with a Leica M205C stereo microscope, and processed in Adobe PhotoShop. Interpretation of genitalic morphology and associated terminology differs from that of DaCosta et al (2006) and Hendrickson (2014) in several respects. We consider the female appendix bursae in the sense of DaCosta to actually represent the bulla seminalis (see e.g., Bendib and Minet 1999), whereas the structure termed the “saccus” is the sacculus.…”

“…The lack of a prothoracic foretibial claw, and long second segment of the labial palpus places the new species in Euchaetes rather than Pygarctia (Forbes 1960; DaCosta et al 2006: fig. 3).…”

“…Species in this group all share 1) an untufted female abdomen (tufted in other North American species), 2) a well-developed male abdominal coremata, and 3) lack metepisternal microtymbals (the “Striate Band” of Forbes 1960). With the addition of E.cressida (Dyar), this assemblage corresponds to “ Euchaetes Clade 2” of DaCosta et al (2006). Despite the similarities of Euchaetesnancyae to this group, E.nancyae represents a surprisingly divergent evolutionary lineage within Euchaetes , and should help resolve the phylogeny of this complex group of genera.…”

“…As a revision will require a review of all species in the genus, in addition to the closely related Pygoctenucha Grote and Pygarctia Grote, we place the new species described herein within the current but unrevised concept of Euchaetes , pending an in-depth review of the Euchaetes group of genera. Preliminary phylogenetic analyses by DaCosta et al (2006) and Hendrickson (2014) indicate that Euchaetes is polyphyletic.…”

Phylogenetic Analysis ofCosmopterosis(Lepidoptera: Crambidae: Glaphyriinae) with Discussions on Male Secondary Sexual Characters and Larval Feeding onCapparis(Capparaceae) in the Pyraloidea and Lepidoptera (Insecta)

“…In the past male secondary sexual structures on various parts of the body were thought to be too complex and too variable to provide any phylogenetic information above the species level. Recent articles have shown that they can be used to deÞne taxa at different levels, for example, at the superfamily level in Yponomeutoidea (Hsu andPowell 2005, Landry 2007), at the subfamily level in Noctuidae (Wagner 2007), at the tribal level in Ctenuchini (Weller et al 2000) and Tortricinae (Brown 1990), at the tribal, generic, and species level in Riodinidae (Hall and Harvey 2002), at the generic level in noctuids (Troubridge and Lafontaine 2007), at the generic and species level group in Heliodinidae (Hsu and Powell 2005), and at the species group level in conjunction with mitochondrial data in Ctenuchini (Schneider et al 1999) and with host plant data and ultrasound production in milkweed tussock moths (DaCosta et al 2006).…”