Phylogeny and Reclassification of &lt;I&gt;Anemone&lt;/I&gt; (Ranunculaceae), with an Emphasis on Austral Species

Hoot, Sara B.; Meyer, Kyle; Manning, John C.

doi:10.1600/036364412x616729

Cited by 53 publications

(85 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The perianths of Anemone flowers consist of several perianth organs without distinction between calyx and corolla, whose numbers differ among species. Based on phylogeny of the genus Anemone [5], the tepal (perianth organ) numbers of their flowers have experienced multiple changes. There are two types of perianth arrangement: pentamerous single-perianth (Fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stochastic occurrence of trimery from pentamery in floral phyllotaxis of Anemone (Ranunculaceae)

Kitazawa

Fujimoto

2016

Acta Soc Bot Pol

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Merosity, indicating the basic number of floral organs such as sepals and petals, has been constrained to specific and stable numbers during the evolution of angiosperms. The ancestral flower is considered to have a spiral arrangement of perianth organs, as in phyllotaxis, the arrangement of leaves. How has the ancestral spiral evolved into flowers with specific merosities? To address this question, we studied perianth organ arrangement in the Anemone genus of the basal eudicot family Ranunculaceae, because various merosities are found in this genus. In three species, A. flaccida, A. scabiosa, and A. nikoensis that are normally pentamerous, we found positional arrangement of the excessive sixth perianth organ indicating the possibility of a transition from pentamerous to trimerous arrangement. Arrangement was intraspecifically stochastic, but constrained to three of five types, where trimerous arrangement was the most frequent in all species except for a form of A. scabiosa. The rank of frequency of the other two types was species-dependent. We connect these observations with classical theories of spiral phyllotaxis. The phyllotaxis model for initiation of the sixth organ showed that the three arrangements occur at a divergence angle <144°, indicating the spiral nature of floral phyllotaxis rather than a perfect penta-radial symmetry of 144°. The model further showed that selective occurrence of trimerous arrangement is mainly regulated by the organ growth rate. Differential organ growth as well as divergence angle may regulate transitions between pentamerous and trimerous flowers in intraspecific variation as well as in species evolution.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stochastic occurrence of trimery from pentamery in floral phyllotaxis of Anemone (Ranunculaceae)

Kitazawa

Fujimoto

2016

Acta Soc Bot Pol

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“…Signifi cantly, however, the cladistic Bothalia 43,1: 1-13 (2013) branches subtending A. caffra / A. fanninii, the two leaf morphs of A. tenuifolia, and the members of ser. Knowltonia in the molecular phylogram presented by Hoot et al (2012) are all of similar length, indicating comparable levels of sequence divergence of the three lineages from their last common ancestor. This observation, coupled with the clear morphological and ecological differences among the lineages, prompts us to revert to the segregation of the dry-fruited species in two series, with the fl eshy-fruited species comprising a third series.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…(Ranunculaceae-Ranunculoideae) have been the subject of intensive morphological and molecular investigations (Hoot et al 1994;Ehrendorfer & Samuel 2001;Schuettpelz et al 2002;Hoot et al 2012), resulting in the recent expansion of the circumscription of Anemone L. to include the small segregates Barneoudia C.Gay (3 spp. ), Hepatica Miller (7 spp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…and southern Africa (11 spp. ), with A. thomsonii Oliver endemic to east tropical Africa and a handful of additional species in Indonesia and Australasia (Hoot et al 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Alchemillifoliae. This treatment, with an emphasis on morphology, was followed by subsequent authors until recently when Hoot et al (2012) weighted phylogenetic considerations by including all three species in an expanded ser. Alchemillifoliae within subsect.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A taxonomic review of the dry-fruited species of <i>Anemone</i> (Ranunculaceae) in southern Africa

Manning

Goldblatt

2013

Bothalia

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The three dry-fruited species of Anemone sect. Pulsatilloides subsect. Alchemillifoliae (Ranunculaceae) from southern Africa are reviewed, with full descriptions and nomenclature, including complete synonomy, taxonomic history with nomenclatural corrections, ecological notes, and distribution. A. tenuifolia (L.f.) DC. from the Cape Floristic Region is segregated as ser. Pinnatifoliae from the two summer rainfall species, A. caffra (Eckl. & Zeyh.) Harv. and A. fanninnii Harv. ex Masters, which remain in ser. Alchemillifoliae, emphasising the strong vegetative differences between the two series.

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Natural Sources of Anti-inflammation

Jain¹,

Pandey²,

Shukla³

2014

SpringerBriefs in Immunology

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Phylogeny and Reclassification of <I>Anemone</I> (Ranunculaceae), with an Emphasis on Austral Species

Cited by 53 publications

References 22 publications

Stochastic occurrence of trimery from pentamery in floral phyllotaxis of Anemone (Ranunculaceae)

Stochastic occurrence of trimery from pentamery in floral phyllotaxis of Anemone (Ranunculaceae)

A taxonomic review of the dry-fruited species of <i>Anemone</i> (Ranunculaceae) in southern Africa

Natural Sources of Anti-inflammation

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