Phylogeny and New Intrageneric Classification of Allium (Alliaceae) Based on Nuclear Ribosomal DNA ITS Sequences

Friesen, Nikolai; Fritsch, Reinhard; Blattner, Frank R.

doi:10.5642/aliso.20062201.31

Cited by 333 publications

(526 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Only subgenus Amerallium Traub has a second center of diversity in North America (Friesen et al 2006;Gurushidze et al 2010). According to Fritsch and Maroofi (2010), Allium is represented in Iran by 121 species.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Diversity and Taxonomic Studies of Allium Akaka and A. Elburzense Native to Iran Using Morphological Characters

Jafari

Hassandokht

Taheri

et al. 2017

Journal of Horticultural Research

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Two Allium species (A. akaka S.G. Gmelin and A. elburzense W.) native to Iran are used locally as the fresh vegetables and in medical therapy. They are not cultivated, but are collected from the wild, thus, will soon be threatened with extinction. In this study, the diversity of 15 wild accessions (4 accessions of A. elburzense endemic of Iran and 11 accessions of A. akaka) collected from the north-western part of Iran were evaluated with the use of 16 qualitative and 16 quantitative characteristics. The morphological characters with high heritability included leaf length, flower number in umbel, inflorescence diameter, leaf dry weight, bulb fresh weight, weight of 100 seeds, seed length and seed length/width. Results of the principal component analysis indicated that 92.52% of the observed variability was explained by the first six components. The first two components explained about 64.74% of the total observed variability. The first and third hierarchical cluster analysis included all accessions of A. akaka. The accessions of A. elburzense, except one, were placed in a separate cluster. These morphological descriptors can successfully apply for evaluating morphological diversity of Allium wild accessions and can help in horticultural usage.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Diversity and Taxonomic Studies of Allium Akaka and A. Elburzense Native to Iran Using Morphological Characters

Jafari

Hassandokht

Taheri

et al. 2017

Journal of Horticultural Research

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“…Thus, the sum of all species numbers given exceeds 800, which is possibly somewhat too high, but a number of about 780 Allium species currently seems a realistic estimation (Friesen et al 2006). This large number of species was divided into 6 subgenera and 56 sections (Hanelt et al 1992).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…This large number of species was divided into 6 subgenera and 56 sections (Hanelt et al 1992). The most recent classification proposal is based primarily on sequences of the internal transcribed spacer region of nuclear ribosomal DNA, grouping about 780 species to 15 subgenera and 56 sections (Friesen et al 2006).…”

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confidence: 99%

Morphological characteristics of garlic (Allium sativum L.) genetic resources collection - Information

Stavělíková¹

2008

Hortic. Sci.

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Maintenance of garlic (Allium sativum L.) genetic resources has had a long tradition in the Czech Republic. The collection was founded in 1951 and its current holder is the Crop Research Institute, Department of Vegetables and Special Crops in Olomouc. The collection consists of 613 genotypes. The oldest genotype was acquired in 1954. The collection has been evaluated according to the Descriptor list for Allium spp. (IPGRI 2001). 17 characters of the Descriptor list were supplemented with 5 additional characters. The photos of all garlic genotypes were taken. The genotypes were divided into the three main morphological groups according to the ability to produce the scape: the first group with the scape (bolting) -300 genotypes, the second part without the scape (non-bolting garlic) 205 genotypes and the third part presents semi-bolting garlic -108 genotypes. The last morphological type has bulbils in the different parts of the pseudostem. 131plasm storage. The plant material is stored straight in liquid nitrogen in the temperature of -196°C or in the vapour of liquid nitrogen in the temperature of -150°C. During storage in ultra low temperature the cell life activity is reduced to stop all physiological processes in stored material. Successful material transfer from the cultivation to liquid nitrogen and back without strong damage of the material is important precondition for using this method (Faltus et al. 2005). The important crops (garlic, potato, apple, pear, cherry, strawberry and hop) are cryopreserved in the Czech Cryobank by modified vitrification methods (Zámečník et al. 2007).The genus Allium is economically important because it includes several important vegetable crops -onion, garlic etc., as well as many ornamental species. The garlic is the second most important Allium species. It is grown worldwide as an important spice and medicinal plant. The bulb, composed of few to many cloves, is the main economic organ. The fresh leaves, pseudostems and bulbils (topsets) are also consumed (Fritsch, Friesen 2002). Like onion, garlic has been used by humans for a very long time.The first mentions about the garlic are 6,000 years old; Sumerians, Egyptians or Jews used it. The parts of garlic plants were found also in Southern Moravia. They come from 2000 B.C. (Lužný, Vaško 1982).Since ancient times, garlic, onion and related species have been widely used in many parts of the word as vegetables, as well as in traditional folk medicine. Garlic and onion have been the most intensively investigated. Garlic showed lipid-lowering effects, antiplatelet activity and antiatherosclerotic activities. The cardiovascular effects of garlic are among the best investigated of all medicinal plants species (Keusgen 2002). Louis Pasteur was the first to describe the antibacterial effect of onion and garlic juices. Garlic exhibits a broad antibiotic spectrum against both gram-positive and gramnegative bacteria. Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a bacterium implicated in the etiology of stomach cancer and ulcers. The i...

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“…К этому роду отно-сятся овощные культуры, например чеснок, лук репчатый, лук-порей и другие, а ряд видов используется в качестве декоративных. Многие виды луков являются редкими и эндемичными (Friesen et al, 2006). Чеснок Allium sativum и лук репчатый A. cepa -наиболее экономически значимые виды рода, общемировой объем производства которых, по данным Продовольственной и сельскохозяйственной орга-низации ООН (FAO) за 2016 г., составил 26.5 и 57.2 млн т соответственно.…”

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Comparative analysis of the complete plastomes of garlic Allium sativum and bulb onion Allium cepa

Филюшин¹,

Mazur²,

Щенникова³

et al. 2018

Vestn. VOGiS

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Sequencing and comparative characterization of plant plastid genomes, or plastomes, is an important tool for modern phylogenetic and taxonomic studies, as well as for understanding the plastome evolution. The genusAlliumL. (family Amaryllidaceae) incorporates more than 900 species, includes economically significant vegetable crops such as garlicA. sativum, onionA. cepa, leekA. porrum, etc. In this work, the plastome of garlicA. sativumhas been completely sequenced. TheA. sativumplastome is 153172 bp in size. It consists of a large unique (LSC, 82035 bp) and small unique (SSC, 18015 bp) copies, separated by inverted repeats (IRa and IRb) of 26561 bp each. In the garlic plastome, 134 genes have been annotated: 82 protein-coding genes, 38 tRNA genes, 8 rRNA genes, and 6 pseudogenes. Comparative analysis ofA. sativumandA. cepaplastomes reveals differences in the sizes of structural elements and spacers at the inverted repeat boundaries. The total numbers of genes inA. sativumandA. cepaare the same, but the gene composition is different: therpl22gene is functional inA. sativum, being a pseudogene inA. cepa; conversely, therps16gene is a pseudogene inA. sativumand a protein-coding gene inA. cepa. In theA. sativumandA. cepaplastomes, 32 SSR sequences have been identified. More than half of them are dinucleotides, and the remaining are tetra-, penta-, and hexanucleotides at the same time, trinucleotides were absent. The compared plastomes differ in the numbers of certain SSRs, and some are present in only one of the species.

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Phylogeny and New Intrageneric Classification of Allium (Alliaceae) Based on Nuclear Ribosomal DNA ITS Sequences

Cited by 333 publications

References 34 publications

Genetic Diversity and Taxonomic Studies of Allium Akaka and A. Elburzense Native to Iran Using Morphological Characters

Genetic Diversity and Taxonomic Studies of Allium Akaka and A. Elburzense Native to Iran Using Morphological Characters

Morphological characteristics of garlic (Allium sativum L.) genetic resources collection - Information

Comparative analysis of the complete plastomes of garlic Allium sativum and bulb onion Allium cepa

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