Phylogenetic Relationships of Selected Cereal and Grass Rusts Based on rDNA Sequence Analysis

Zambino, Paul J.; Szabo, Les J.

doi:10.2307/3760702

Cited by 76 publications

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“…In addition to B. distachyon, this pathogen infects a number of other Brachypodium species (Barbieri et al, 2011(Barbieri et al, , 2012. Phylogenetic analyses indicate that P. brachypodii is most similar to the wheat stripe rust pathogen P. striiformis, when compared with other cereal rust pathogens including P. graminis and P. triticina (Zambino and Szabo, 1993). Genetic analyses in brachypodium suggest that resistance to P. brachypodii is quantitatively inherited, with multiple quantitative trait loci (QTL) providing additive resistance in both seedlings and adult plants (Barbieri et al, 2012).…”

Section: Biotrophic Fungal Pathogensmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brachypodium as an emerging model for cereal–pathogen interactions

et al. 2015

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Background Cereal diseases cause tens of billions of dollars of losses annually and have devastating humanitarian consequences in the developing world. Increased understanding of the molecular basis of cereal host-pathogen interactions should facilitate development of novel resistance strategies. However, achieving this in most cereals can be challenging due to large and complex genomes, long generation times and large plant size, as well as quarantine and intellectual property issues that may constrain the development and use of community resources. Brachypodium distachyon (brachypodium) with its small, diploid and sequenced genome, short generation time, high transformability and rapidly expanding community resources is emerging as a tractable cereal model.Scope Recent research reviewed here has demonstrated that brachypodium is either susceptible or partially susceptible to many of the major cereal pathogens. Thus, the study of brachypodium-pathogen interactions appears to hold great potential to improve understanding of cereal disease resistance, and to guide approaches to enhance this resistance. This paper reviews brachypodium experimental pathosystems for the study of fungal, bacterial and viral cereal pathogens; the current status of the use of brachypodium for functional analysis of cereal disease resistance; and comparative genomic approaches undertaken using brachypodium to assist characterization of cereal resistance genes. Additionally, it explores future prospects for brachypodium as a model to study cereal-pathogen interactions.Conclusions The study of brachypodium-pathogen interactions appears to be a productive strategy for understanding mechanisms of disease resistance in cereal species. Knowledge obtained from this model interaction has strong potential to be exploited for crop improvement.

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Section: Biotrophic Fungal Pathogensmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brachypodium as an emerging model for cereal–pathogen interactions

et al. 2015

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“…Moreover, the current and growing sequence data available for ITS enhance the value of this region (Martin, 2002;Thomas and Richard, 2004). ITS data can be informative at many taxonomic levels and frequently allows for distinction between organisms at the species level (Hibbett, 1992;Zambino and Szabo, 1993). Thus, nucleotide sequences of the rRNA gene have been widely examined (Henson, 1992;Pagel, 1999;Thomas and Richard, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular variation of Sporisorium scitamineum in Mainland China revealed by internal transcribed spacers

et al. 2015

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ABSTRACT. Sugarcane smut caused by the fungus Sporisorium scitamineum is a worldwide disease and also one of the most prevalent diseases in sugarcane production in mainland China. To study molecular variation in S. scitamineum, 23 S. scitamineum isolates from the 6 primary sugarcane production areas in mainland, China (Guangxi, Yunnan, Guangdong, Hainan, Fujian, and Jiangxi Provinces), were assessed using internal transcribed spacer (ITS) methods. The results of ITS sequence analysis showed that the organisms can be defined at the genus level, including Ustilago and Sporisorium, and can also differentiate between closely related species. This method was not suitable for phylogenetic relationship analysis of different S. scitamineum isolates and could not provide support regarding their race ascription at the molecular level. The results of the present study will be useful for studies examining the molecular diversity of S. scita-7895 Molecular variation of Sporisorium scitamineum ©FUNPEC-RP www.funpecrp.com.br Genetics and Molecular Research 14 (3): 7894-7909 (2015) mineum and for establishing a genetic foundation for their pathogenicity differentiation and new race detection. In addition, our results can provide useful information for the pathogen selection principle in sugarcane smut resistance breeding and variety distribution.

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“…These moderate selection pressures have lead to a level of variation in the ITS that is presumed to be negligible within most species but significant between species. ITS sequence data have been used for phylogenetic reconstructions within fungal genera (Hibbett, 1992, for initial review; Carbone and Kohn, 1993;Zambino and Szabo, 1993;Messner et al, 1995) and particularly for phylogenetic studies in vascular plants (see Baldwin et al, 1995, for review). ITS sequences of lichenized fungi were first reported for Cladonia chlorophaea by De Priest and Been (1992; ITS-1) and Niu and Wei (1993) were the first to address a taxonomic hypothesis in lichenology (i.e., the status of Lasallia rossica Dombr.…”

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Characterization of Mycobionts of Photomorph Pairs in the Peltigerineae (Lichenized Ascomycetes) Based on Internal Transcribed Spacer Sequences of the Nuclear Ribosomal DNA

Goffinet

Bayer

1997

Fungal Genetics and Biology

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Goffinet, B., and Bayer, R. J. 1997. Characterization of mycobionts of photomorph pairs in the Peltigerineae (lichenized ascomycetes) based on internal transcribed spacer sequences of the nuclear ribosomal DNA. Fungal Genetics and Biology 21, 228-237. The The ''one fungus-two photomorphs'' hypothesis suggests that certain lichenized fungi can establish a symbiotic relationship with either a eukaryotic or a prokaryotic photobiont. Such pairs of photomorphs are well know from cephalodiate Peltigerineae. Using an ascomycete-specific primer we amplified the internal transcribed spacer region of the nrDNA repeat of the mycobiont from total ''lichen DNA'' extracts of Peltigera malacea, photomorphs of P. aphthosa, P. britannica, and P. leucophlebia, Nephroma expallidum, and photomorphs of N. arcticum. Comparisons of 5.8S sequences suggest that the sequences obtained belong to the mycobiont and thus, that the ascomycetespecific primer is adequate for amplifying fungal DNA from total lichen-DNA extracts. The strict identity of nucleotide sequences of the internal transcribed spacer region of the nrDNA repeat between joined-photomorphs supports the one fungus-two photomorphs hypothesis. Photomorphs may thus primarily reflect phenotypic plasticity of photomorphic fungi in response to changing environmental conditions. The cyanomorph recently reported for P. leucophlebia is shown to be based on a misidentified specimen of P. aphthosa. Comparisons of the ITS sequences further supports recognizing P. aphthosa, P. britannica, and P. leucophlebia at the species rather than the infraspecific level. r 1997 Academic Press

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Phylogenetic Relationships of Selected Cereal and Grass Rusts Based on rDNA Sequence Analysis

Cited by 76 publications

References 0 publications

Brachypodium as an emerging model for cereal–pathogen interactions

Brachypodium as an emerging model for cereal–pathogen interactions

Molecular variation of Sporisorium scitamineum in Mainland China revealed by internal transcribed spacers

Characterization of Mycobionts of Photomorph Pairs in the Peltigerineae (Lichenized Ascomycetes) Based on Internal Transcribed Spacer Sequences of the Nuclear Ribosomal DNA

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