Phylogenetic Relationships of Marine Bacteria, Mainly Members of the Family Vibrionaceae, Determined on the Basis of 16S rRNA Sequences

Abstract

The phylogenetic relationships of 50 reference strains, mostly marine bacteria which require Na+ for growth, were determined on the basis of 600 16s rRNA nucleotides by using reverse transcriptase sequencing. Strains belonging to 10 genera were included (four genera of the family Vibrionaceae, the genus Aeromonas of the family Aeromonaduceae, and the genera Alteromonas, Marinomonas, Shewanella, Pseudomonas, and Deleya). The sequences were aligned, the similarity values and evolutionary distance values were determined, and a phylogenetic tree was constructed by using the neighbor-joining method. On the basis of our results, the family Vibrionaceae was separated into at least seven groups (genera and families). Kbrio murinus clearly was on a line of descent that was remote from other vibrios. As determined by the similarity and evolutionary distance values, V. marinus is more distantly related to the family Vibrionaceae than the members of the Aeromonadaceae are. Also, Vibrio cholerae strains formed a separate group with Vibrio mimicus at the genus level. Of 30 species of the Vibrionaceae, 17 formed a large phylogenetic cluster. The genus Listonella was found to be a heterogeneous group, and the species were distributed in various subgroups of the Vibrionaceae. The separation of the family Aeromonadaceae from the family Vibrionaceae and the separation of the genera Marinomonas and Shewanella from the genus Alteromonas were confirmed in this phylogenetic study. However, a marine Pseudomonas species, Pseudomonas rtuutica, was clearly separated from two terrestrial Pseudomonas species. Each group that was separated by the phylogenetic analysis had characteristic 16s rRNA sequence patterns that were common only to species in that group. Therefore, the characteristic sequences described in this paper may be useful for identification purposes.Heterotrophic bacteria which are gram negative and motile by means of flagella are commonly isolated from marine environments and apparently are a major component of the bacterial flora of the sea. On the basis of their ability to ferment carbohydrates, these organisms can be divided into two groups. The fermentative strains have been assigned to the genera Vibrio, Listonella, Photobacterium, Colwellia (lo), and Aeromonas, and the nonfermentative strains have been included in the genera Alteromonas, Pseudomonas, Alcaligenes, Deleya, Marinomonas, Shewanella , and Flavobacterium (1).The family Hbrionaceae is one of the most important bacterial groups in marine environments. Members of this family often predominate in the bacterial flora of seawater, plankton, and fish. In a survey carried out in the West Pacific Ocean, vibrios accounted for nearly 80% of the bacterial population in surface seawater (31). Members of the Vibrionaceae are also the main organisms present in the intestinal flora of marine fish (30). In addition, some members of the Vibrionaceae are important pathogens for humans and animals.The marine members of the Kbrionaceae have been the subject of many taxonomic stud...

Marinobacter aquaeolei sp. nov., a halophilic bacterium isolated from a Vietnamese oil-producing well

“…Marine bacteria belonging to the species P. nautica are Gram-negative heterotrophs ; their taxonomic position remains to be established (Baumann et al, 1972;De Vos et al, 1989;Kita-Tsukamoto et al, 1993;Zumft, 1992). Kita-Tsukamoto et al (1993) suggested that halophilic, marine pseudomonads should be separated from the genus Pseudomonas and should be placed in newly created groups.…”

“…Kita-Tsukamoto et al (1993) suggested that halophilic, marine pseudomonads should be separated from the genus Pseudomonas and should be placed in newly created groups. Results from the comparison of nutritional requirements, antibiotic susceptibility, isoprenoid quinones, fatty acid composition, FT-IR spectra and 16s rRNA sequence data, which were obtained during our studies with strain VT8T, would be consistent with a placement of P. nautica into the genus Marinobacter.…”

Fermentative Production of Pyranone Derivate I from Marine Vibrio sp. SKMARSP9: Isolation, Characterization and Bioactivity Evaluation

“…or Vibrio sp (Online Resource 1). Because the colony characteristics and morphological features recorded for this bacterium matched better with those reported for different Vibrio strains isolated from diverse sources [13], thus establishing to the above identity of the red bacterial strain may require further investigation.…”

“…Of the three compounds the second pure compound was obtained as a red colour liquid and was found to exhibit significant biological actions. The structural elucidation of the pure isolated compound I was determined by 1 H NMR, 13 C NMR, DEPT, IR and MS (ESI) mass spectral data and was elaborated below. The compound was confirmed to be 97.18 % pure by HPLC (Online Resource 1).…”

Isolation and characterization of Vibrio parahaemolyticus from seafoods along the southwest coast of India

“…The possible reason for the higher bacterial and presumptive V. parahaemolyticus counts in cephalopod samples can be attributed to the depth zone (150-200 m) from which they were caught. Benthic zone is known to harbor higher microbial communities but lower counts of V. parahaemolyticus, which is mainly encountered in the surface seawaters (Tsukamoto et al 1993). The present study revealed 67% of finfish samples collected from Cochin markets were of poor quality considering the TPC limits set by the USFDA, EU, and Export Inspection Council of India (10 5 cfu/g).…”