Phylogenetic relationships and morphological evolution inLentinus,PolyporellusandNeofavolus, emphasizing southeastern Asian taxa

Abstract

The genus Lentinus (Polyporaceae, Basidiomycota) is widely documented from tropical and temperate forests and is taxonomically controversial. Here we studied the relationships between Lentinus subg. Lentinus sensu Pegler (i.e. sections Lentinus, Tigrini, Dicholamellatae, Rigidi, Lentodiellum and Pleuroti and polypores that share similar morphological characters). We generated sequences of internal transcribed spacers (ITS) and partial 28S regions of nuc rDNA and genes encoding the largest subunit of RNA polymerase II (RPB1), focusing on Lentinus subg. Lentinus sensu Pegler and the Neofavolus group, combined these data with sequences from GenBank (including RPB2 gene sequences) and performed phylogenetic analyses with maximum likelihood and Bayesian methods. We also evaluated the transition in hymenophore morphology between Lentinus, Neofavolus and related polypores with ancestral state reconstruction. Single-gene phylogenies and phylogenies combining ITS and 28S with RPB1 and RPB2 genes all support existence of a Lentinus/Polyporellus clade and a separate Neofavolus clade. Polyporellus (represented by P. arcularius, P. ciliatus, P. brumalis) forms a clade with species representing Lentinus subg. Lentinus sensu Pegler (1983), excluding L. suavissimus. Lentinus tigrinus appears as the sister group of Polyporellus in the four-gene phylogeny, but this placement was weakly supported. All three multigene analyses and the single-gene analysis using ITS strongly supported Polyporus tricholoma as the sister group of the Lentinus/Polyporellus clade; only the 28S rRNA phylogeny failed to support this placement. Under parsimony the ancestral hymenophoral configuration for the Lentinus/Polyporellus clade is estimated to be circular pores, with independent transitions to angular pores and lamellae. The ancestral state for the Neofavolus clade is estimated to be angular pores, with a single transition to lamellae in L. suavissimus. We propose that Lentinus suavissimus (section Pleuroti) should be reclassified as Neofavolus suavissimus comb. nov.

How do Agaricomycetes shape their fruiting bodies? 1. Morphological aspects of development

“…The lamellate pileate-stipitate genus Camarophyllopsis is derived within clavarioid fungi (Birkebak et al, 2013). The lamellate hymenium has been generated multiple times and gilled species are found in the polyporoid, bolete and other clades outside the Agaricales (Hibbett and Vilgalys, 1993;Hibbett et al, 1997;Vellinga, 2004;Justo and Hibbett, 2011;Seelan et al, 2015). Gilled species have thus been excluded from the mainly lamellate Agaricales and poroid, gasteroid and other forms were required to be included (Moncalvo et al, 2002;Thorn et al, 2005;Matheny et al, 2006).…”

“…The evolution of changes in morphology might be easier to address in more specific traits associated with later, finer aspects of the development of organs and tissues, such as independent hymenophore transitions from circular pores to angular pores, subporiod lamellae and full lamellae in the genus Lentinus (Seelan et al, 2015). Nagy et al (2011Nagy et al ( , 2013 concentrated on emergence of deliquescence ('coprinoidization'), i.e.…”

Neofavolus yunnanensis sp. nov. (Polyporales, Basidiomycota) from China: evidence from morphology and DNA sequence data

“…in the core polyporoid clade (Binder et al2013). Sotome et al (2013) described Neofavolus as a new genus with three species, while Seelan et al (2015) proposed a new combination and placed Neofavolus close to the clade of Favolus.…”

The lentinoid fungi (Lentinus and Panus) from Western Ghats, India

“…In addition, a large part of the subgenus Lentinus sensu Pegler, Neolentinus and Panus s. str . is monophyletic whereas, the Lentinus sensu Pegler is polyphyletic (Redhead & Ginns 1985, Hibbett & Vilgalys 1991, 1993, Hibbett & Thorn 1994, Hibbett et al 1993, Grand et al 2011, Seelan et al . 2015).…”