Phylogenetic relationship of Paramignya trimera and its relatives: an evidence for the wide sexual compatibility

Abstract

The genus Paramignya (Rutaceae) comprises about 30 species typically distributing in tropical Asia. Like other genera of the family Rutaceae, the significant variation in the morphology of Paramignya species makes the taxonomic study and accurate identification become difficult. In Vietnam, Paramignya species have been mostly found in Khanh Hoa and Lam Dong provinces and used as traditional medicines. Recently, Paramignya trimera, a species of the genus Paramignya with local name “Xao tam phan” has been drawn attention and intensively exploited to treat liver diseases and cancers. However, the significant variations in the morphology and different local names of P. trimera have caused confusion and difficulty in the accurate identification and application of this plant for medicine. In this study, the combination of both morphological and DNA sequence data has effectively supported the taxonomic identification of P. trimera and some relatives collected in Khanh Hoa and Lam Dong provinces. The comparison of the morphology and analysis of the phylogenetic trees suggested that there was a significant variation of P. trimera. In addition, some accessions of P. trimera with morphological characteristics similar and Atalantia buxifolia were likely the intergeneric hybrids between the two species. Analysis of genetic variation, interspecific and intraspecific distances using ITS, matK and rbcL sequences shown that P. trimera was closely related to A. buxifolia, Severinia monophylla and Luvunga scandens. In addition, matK sequences represented as the effective candidate DNA barcode to identify and distinguish Paramignya species from others of the family Rutaceae.

Variation and Evolution of the Whole Chloroplast Genomes of Fragaria spp. (Rosaceae)

“…Species identification based on morphology is affected by season, environment, and human factors, which may cause results to be unreliable ( Yang et al, 2020 ). In recent years, DNA barcoding has been widely used to promote accurate species identification owing to its clear advantages ( Tegally et al, 2019 ; Phi et al, 2020 ; Islam et al, 2021 ). The ideal DNA barcode would be a single locus that could be universally amplified and sequenced across a broad range of taxa and provide sufficient variation to reliably distinguish among closely related species ( Song et al, 2017 ).…”

“…Over the years, many molecular analyses have provided insights into the species taxonomy and identification. Currently, DNA barcoding such as rbcL , matK , psbA - trnH and ITS sequences ( Potter et al, 2007 ; Fazekas et al, 2008 ; Chen et al, 2013 ; Xin et al, 2013 ; Tegally et al, 2019 ; Phi et al, 2020 ; Islam et al, 2021 ) has been used for species identification. In Fragaria , the study of DNA barcoding dates back to the phylogenetic analysis conducted by Potter et al (2000) using ITS and trnL - trnF sequences, but the authors were unable to completely distinguish among species in this genus.…”

“… Njuguna and Bassil (2011) analyzed psbA - trnH and ITS sequences and reported that the two DNA barcoding sequences are not suitable for species identification in Fragaria . Moreover, more and more studies demonstrated that the four universal barcoding sequences were problematic with low bootstrap support and inability to distinguish between species in land plants ( Xin et al, 2013 ; Tegally et al, 2019 ; Phi et al, 2020 ; Islam et al, 2021 ). Therefore, it is urgent to excavate superior DNA barcoding for special land plants, including Fragaria species, utilizing complete cp genomes, which contain more important variation information for taxonomic and phylogenic purposes ( Huang et al, 2014 ).…”

Analysis of phytochemical constituents and antioxidant activity from the fractions of Luvunga sarmentosa root extract using LCMS/MS

“…There was limited information on the phylogenetic relationship of the L. sarmentosa, but not for other species of Luvunga. Luvunga scandens were reported to be closely related to Paramingya trimera (Ling 2009;Phi 2020). Paramingnya contained coumarin and coumarin glycosides, acridone alkaloids, tirucallane and tirucallane glycosides (terpenoids group), phenols, and flavonoids (Son 2018).…”