Phylogenetic characterisation of Taenia tapeworms in spotted hyenas and reconsideration of the “Out of Africa” hypothesis of Taenia in humans

Terefe, Yitagele; Hailemariam, Zerihun; Menkir, Sissay; Nakao, Minoru; Lavikainen, Antti; Haukisalmi, Voitto; Iwaki, Toru; Okamoto, Masanori; Itō, Akira

doi:10.1016/j.ijpara.2014.03.013

Cited by 34 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…diversification, and the first direct re-consideration of evolutionary and biogeographic histories for lineages in humans. In contrast to the original hypothesis as outlined by Terefe et al (2014), molecular phylogenies are consistent in proposing different sister-group relationships for T. solium and T. saginata þ T. asiatica, although the latter 2 are considered sister species; alternative biogeographic histories also may be apparent. Specifically, T. solium is placed as the sister of Taenia arctos (in Holarctic bears, Ursus spp.)…”

Section: Cestodesmentioning

confidence: 66%

“…Subsequently, it was found that this story is considerably more complex, a picture now being revealed by multilocus molecular phylogenies for Taenia (Lavikainen et al, 2008(Lavikainen et al, , 2010Knapp et al, 2011;Nakao et al, 2013a;Terefe et al, 2014) in conjunction with population-level explorations of phylogeography and gene flow among species and populations (e.g., Nakao et al, 2002;Martinez-Hernandez et al, 2009;Michelet et al, 2010;Yamane et al, 2012). Recognition of an intricate history among large carnivore hosts and geographic regions is further highlighted by the cryptic diversity found among cestodes of canids and ursids (Lavikainen et al, 2010Haukisalmi et al, 2011), northern felids (Lavikainen et al, 2013), and hyaenids (Terefe et al, 2014).…”

Section: Cestodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recognition of an intricate history among large carnivore hosts and geographic regions is further highlighted by the cryptic diversity found among cestodes of canids and ursids (Lavikainen et al, 2010Haukisalmi et al, 2011), northern felids (Lavikainen et al, 2013), and hyaenids (Terefe et al, 2014).…”

Section: Cestodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…especially in the Ethiopian region among large cats and hyenas (Terefe et al, 2014). Development and evaluation of new molecular and morphological data are providing a nuanced picture of Taenia spp.…”

Section: Cestodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…African origins may be consistent with these postulated relationships, and the original Out of Africa hypothesis cannot be immediately refuted. A major implication of this phylogeny, however, is the possibility that host-switching events leading to human lineages may have occurred in Eurasia (T. saginata þ T. asiatica), where assemblages of hyaenids and bovids were well established during the Pliocene, following geographic expansion by early hominins from Africa near 2 MYA (Terefe et al, 2014). Additionally, the common ancestor for T. solium þ T. arctos may still have had sub-Saharan origins, although divergence of these sister species may have occurred in the Palearctic, with distributions related to sequential events of host colonization among hyaenids, ursids, and later hominins subsequent to emergence from Africa.…”

Section: Cestodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Anthropogenics: Human Influence on Global and Genetic Homogenization of Parasite Populations

Zarlenga¹,

Hoberg²,

Rosenthal³

et al. 2014

Journal of Parasitology

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Section: Cestodesmentioning

confidence: 66%

Section: Cestodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Cestodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Cestodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Cestodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Anthropogenics: Human Influence on Global and Genetic Homogenization of Parasite Populations

Zarlenga¹,

Hoberg²,

Rosenthal³

et al. 2014

Journal of Parasitology

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Homo medicus: The transition to meat eating increased pathogen pressure and the use of pharmacological plants in Homo

Hagen

Blackwell

Lightner

et al. 2023

American Journal of Biological Anthropology

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The human lineage transitioned to a more carnivorous niche 2.6 mya and evolved a large body size and slower life history, which likely increased zoonotic pathogen pressure. Evidence for this increase includes increased zoonotic infections in modern hunter‐gatherers and bushmeat hunters, exceptionally low stomach pH compared to other primates, and divergence in immune‐related genes. These all point to change, and probably intensification, in the infectious disease environment of Homo compared to earlier hominins and other apes. At the same time, the brain, an organ in which immune responses are constrained, began to triple in size. We propose that the combination of increased zoonotic pathogen pressure and the challenges of defending a large brain and body from pathogens in a long‐lived mammal, selected for intensification of the plant‐based self‐medication strategies already in place in apes and other primates. In support, there is evidence of medicinal plant use by hominins in the middle Paleolithic, and all cultures today have sophisticated, plant‐based medical systems, add spices to food, and regularly consume psychoactive plant substances that are harmful to helminths and other pathogens. We propose that the computational challenges of discovering effective plant‐based treatments, the consequent ability to consume more energy‐rich animal foods, and the reduced reliance on energetically‐costly immune responses helped select for increased cognitive abilities and unique exchange relationships in Homo. In the story of human evolution, which has long emphasized hunting skills, medical skills had an equal role to play.

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Tracing zoonotic parasite infections throughout human evolution

Ledger

Mitchell

2019

Intl J of Osteoarchaeology

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Parasites are useful pathogens to explore human-animal interactions because they have diverse life cycles that often rely on both as hosts. Moreover, some species are not host specific and are transmitted between animals and humans. Today most emerging infections are zoonoses. Here, we take a specific look at the emergence and re-emergence of zoonotic parasites throughout hominin evolution and consider evolutionary, cultural, and ecological factors involved in this. We combine genetic studies focused on molecular phylogenetic reconstructions, most often using the ribosomal RNA gene unit and mitochondrial genes from modern parasites, archaeological evidence in the form of preserved parasite eggs and antigens in skeletal and mummified remains, and modern epidemiological data to explore parasite infections throughout hominin evolution. We point out the considerably ancient origins of some key zoonotic parasites and their long coevolutionary history with humans, and discuss factors contributing to the presence of many zoonotic parasites in the past and today including dietary preferences, urbanization, waste disposal, and the population density of both humans and domesticated animals.

show abstract

Phylogenetic characterisation of Taenia tapeworms in spotted hyenas and reconsideration of the “Out of Africa” hypothesis of Taenia in humans

Cited by 34 publications

References 49 publications

Anthropogenics: Human Influence on Global and Genetic Homogenization of Parasite Populations

Anthropogenics: Human Influence on Global and Genetic Homogenization of Parasite Populations

Homo medicus: The transition to meat eating increased pathogen pressure and the use of pharmacological plants in Homo

Tracing zoonotic parasite infections throughout human evolution

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