Phylogenetic analysis of the vertebrate Excitatory/Neutral Amino Acid Transporter (SLC1/EAAT) family reveals lineage specific subfamilies

Gesemann, Matthias; Lesslauer, Annegret; Maurer, Colette M.; Schönthaler, Helia B.; Neuhauss, Stephan C.F.

doi:10.1186/1471-2148-10-117

Cited by 51 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Consistent with this genome-wide analysis, also studies of protein families in zebrafish have shown that genes involved in neuronal function have often retained both 24 paralogues (Gesemann et al, 2010;Di Donato et al, 2013;Haug et al, 2013;.…”

Section: Over-retained Duplicates After Wgdsmentioning

confidence: 52%

Whole-genome duplication in teleost fishes and its evolutionary consequences

2014

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Whole-genome duplication (WGD) events have shaped the history of many evolutionary lineages. One such duplication has been implicated in the evolution of teleost fishes, by far the most species-rich vertebrate clade. After initial controversy, there is now solid evidence that such event took place in the common ancestor of all extant teleosts. It is termed teleost-specific (TS) WGD. After WGD, duplicate genes have different fates. The most likely outcome is non-functionalization of one duplicate gene due to the lack of selective constraint on preserving both. Mechanisms that act on preservation of duplicates are subfunctionalization (partitioning of ancestral gene functions on the duplicates), neofunctionalization (assigning a novel function to one of the duplicates) and dosage selection (preserving genes to maintain dosage balance between interconnected components). Since the frequency of these mechanisms is influenced by the genes' properties, there are over-retained classes of genes, such as highly expressed ones and genes involved in neural function. The consequences of the TS-WGD, especially its impact on the massive radiation of teleosts, have been matter of controversial debate. It is evident that gene duplications are crucial for generating complexity and that WGDs provide large amounts of raw material for evolutionary adaptation and innovation. However, it is less clear whether the TS-WGD is directly linked to the evolutionary success of teleosts and their radiation. Recent studies let us conclude that TS-WGD has been important in generating teleost complexity, but that more recent ecological adaptations only marginally related to TS-WGD might have even contributed more to diversification. It is likely, however, that TS-WGD provided teleosts with diversification potential that can become effective much later, such as during phases of environmental change. AbstractWhole genome duplication (WGD) events have shaped the history of many evolutionary lineages. One such duplication has been implicated in the evolution of teleost fishes, the by far most species-rich vertebrate clade. After initial controversy, evidence is now solid that such an event took place in the common ancestor of all extant teleosts, the so-called teleostspecific (TS) WGD. After WGD, duplicate genes have different fates. The most likely outcome is non-functionalization of one duplicate gene due to the lack of selective constraint on preserving both copies of the gene. Mechanisms that act on preservation of duplicates are subfunctionalization (partitioning of ancestral gene functions on the duplicates), neofunctionalization (assigning a novel function to one of the duplicates) and dosageselection (preserving genes to maintain dosage-balance between interconnected components).Since the frequency of these mechanisms is influenced by the gene's properties, there are over-retained classes of genes, such as highly expressed ones and genes involved in neural function. The consequences of the TS-WGD, especially its impact on the massi...

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Section: Over-retained Duplicates After Wgdsmentioning

confidence: 52%

Whole-genome duplication in teleost fishes and its evolutionary consequences

2014

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“…Sequences were identified and annotated using combined information from expressed sequence tags and genome databases (GeneBank, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov; Ensembl, http://www.ensembl.org/index.html). Human and mouse sequences were used as initial query (for more details on sequence annotation see Gesemann et al, 2010).…”

Section: Annotation Of Mglur Cdnasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phylogeny and expression divergence of metabotropic glutamate receptor genes in the brain of zebrafish (Danio rerio)

Haug

Gesemann

Mueller

2013

J of Comparative Neurology

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Glutamate, the most abundant excitatory neurotransmitter of the central nervous system, modulates synaptic transmission and neuronal excitability via metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs). These receptors are essential components for diverse cognitive functions and they represent potential drug targets for the treatment of a number of neurological and psychiatric disorders. Here, we describe the phylogenetic relation and mRNA distribution of zebrafish mGluRs. In comparison to the eight mglurs present in the mammalian genome, we identified 13 different mglur genes in the zebrafish genome. In situ hybridization experiments in zebrafish revealed widespread expression patterns for the different mglurs in the central nervous system, implicating their significance in diverse neuronal functions. Prominent mglur expression is found in the olfactory bulb, the optic tectum, the hypothalamus, the cerebellum, and the retina. We show that expression pattern of paralogs generated by the teleost specific whole genome duplication is overlapping in some brain regions but complementary in others, suggesting sub-and/or neofunctionalization in the latter. Group I mglurs are similarly expressed in brain areas of both larval and adult zebrafish, suggesting that their functions are comparable during these stages. AbstractGlutamate, the most abundant excitatory neurotransmitter of the central nervous system, modulates synaptic transmission and neuronal excitability via metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs). These receptors are essential components for diverse cognitive functions and they represent potential drug targets for the treatment of a number of neurological and psychiatric disorders.Here, we describe the phylogenetic relation and mRNA distribution of zebrafish mGluRs. In comparison to the eight mglurs present in the mammalian genome, we identified 13 different mglur genes in the zebrafish genome. In situ hybridization experiments in zebrafish revealed widespread expression patterns for the different mglurs in the central nervous system, implicating their significance in diverse neuronal functions. Prominent mglur expression is found in the olfactory bulb, the optic tectum, the hypothalamus, the cerebellum, and the retina. We show that expression pattern of paralogs generated by the teleost specific whole genome duplication is overlapping in some brain regions but complementary in others, suggesting suband/or neofunctionalization in the latter. Group I mglurs are similarly expressed in brain areas of both larval and adult zebrafish, suggesting that their functions are comparable during these stages.

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“…For example, all theria lost EAAT6 and EAAT7, lepidosauromorpha retained EAAT7 but lost EAAT6, and archosauromorpha lost EAAT7 but retained EAAT6. It is not clear whether glutamate-GABA balance exists in invertebrates or not, although EAAT genes have been cloned from invertebrates (Gesemann et al, 2010).…”

Section: Gaba-glutamate Balancing In Vivo and Evolution Of Glutamate mentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution of neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid, glutamate and their receptors

Gou

Wang²,

Wang³

2013

Zoological Research

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Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and glutamate are two important amino acid neurotransmitters widely present in the nervous systems of mammals, insects, round worm, and platyhelminths, while their receptors are quite diversified across different animal phyla. However, the evolutionary mechanisms between the two conserved neurotransmitters and their diversified receptors remain elusive, and antagonistic interactions between GABA and glutamate signal transduction systems, in particular, have begun to attract significant attention. In this review, we summarize the extant results on the origin and evolution of GABA and glutamate, as well as their receptors, and analyze possible evolutionary processes and phylogenetic relationships of various GABAs and glutamate receptors. We further discuss the evolutionary history of Excitatory/Neutral Amino Acid Transporter (EAAT), a transport protein, which plays an important role in the GABA-glutamate "yin and yang" balanced regulation. Finally, based on current advances, we propose several potential directions of future research.

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Phylogenetic analysis of the vertebrate Excitatory/Neutral Amino Acid Transporter (SLC1/EAAT) family reveals lineage specific subfamilies

Cited by 51 publications

References 47 publications

Whole-genome duplication in teleost fishes and its evolutionary consequences

Whole-genome duplication in teleost fishes and its evolutionary consequences

Phylogeny and expression divergence of metabotropic glutamate receptor genes in the brain of zebrafish (Danio rerio)

Evolution of neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid, glutamate and their receptors

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