Phylogeny and expression divergence of metabotropic glutamate receptor genes in the brain of zebrafish (<i>Danio rerio</i>)

Haug, Marion F.; Gesemann, Matthias; Mueller, Thomas

doi:10.1002/cne.23240

Cited by 39 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 119 publications

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“…Consistent with this genome-wide analysis, also studies of protein families in zebrafish have shown that genes involved in neuronal function have often retained both 24 paralogues (Gesemann et al, 2010;Di Donato et al, 2013;Haug et al, 2013;.…”

Section: Over-retained Duplicates After Wgdssupporting

confidence: 55%

Whole-genome duplication in teleost fishes and its evolutionary consequences

2014

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Whole-genome duplication (WGD) events have shaped the history of many evolutionary lineages. One such duplication has been implicated in the evolution of teleost fishes, by far the most species-rich vertebrate clade. After initial controversy, there is now solid evidence that such event took place in the common ancestor of all extant teleosts. It is termed teleost-specific (TS) WGD. After WGD, duplicate genes have different fates. The most likely outcome is non-functionalization of one duplicate gene due to the lack of selective constraint on preserving both. Mechanisms that act on preservation of duplicates are subfunctionalization (partitioning of ancestral gene functions on the duplicates), neofunctionalization (assigning a novel function to one of the duplicates) and dosage selection (preserving genes to maintain dosage balance between interconnected components). Since the frequency of these mechanisms is influenced by the genes' properties, there are over-retained classes of genes, such as highly expressed ones and genes involved in neural function. The consequences of the TS-WGD, especially its impact on the massive radiation of teleosts, have been matter of controversial debate. It is evident that gene duplications are crucial for generating complexity and that WGDs provide large amounts of raw material for evolutionary adaptation and innovation. However, it is less clear whether the TS-WGD is directly linked to the evolutionary success of teleosts and their radiation. Recent studies let us conclude that TS-WGD has been important in generating teleost complexity, but that more recent ecological adaptations only marginally related to TS-WGD might have even contributed more to diversification. It is likely, however, that TS-WGD provided teleosts with diversification potential that can become effective much later, such as during phases of environmental change. AbstractWhole genome duplication (WGD) events have shaped the history of many evolutionary lineages. One such duplication has been implicated in the evolution of teleost fishes, the by far most species-rich vertebrate clade. After initial controversy, evidence is now solid that such an event took place in the common ancestor of all extant teleosts, the so-called teleostspecific (TS) WGD. After WGD, duplicate genes have different fates. The most likely outcome is non-functionalization of one duplicate gene due to the lack of selective constraint on preserving both copies of the gene. Mechanisms that act on preservation of duplicates are subfunctionalization (partitioning of ancestral gene functions on the duplicates), neofunctionalization (assigning a novel function to one of the duplicates) and dosageselection (preserving genes to maintain dosage-balance between interconnected components).Since the frequency of these mechanisms is influenced by the gene's properties, there are over-retained classes of genes, such as highly expressed ones and genes involved in neural function. The consequences of the TS-WGD, especially its impact on the massi...

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Section: Over-retained Duplicates After Wgdssupporting

confidence: 55%

Whole-genome duplication in teleost fishes and its evolutionary consequences

2014

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“…Intriguingly, the double inversion contains the metabotropic glutamate receptor genes mglur4 and mglur7 , which are broadly expressed in the zebrafish brain, including olfactory bulb and retina (Haug et al . ). mGlur7 plays an important role in hippocampus‐dependent spatial learning in mice (Goddyn et al .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Two adjacent inversions maintain genomic differentiation between migratory and stationary ecotypes of Atlantic cod

et al. 2016

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Atlantic cod is composed of multiple migratory and stationary populations widely distributed in the North Atlantic Ocean. The Northeast Arctic cod (NEAC) population in the Barents Sea undertakes annual spawning migrations to the northern Norwegian coast. Although spawning occurs sympatrically with the stationary Norwegian coastal cod (NCC), phenotypic and genetic differences between NEAC and NCC are maintained. In this study, we resolve the enigma by revealing the mechanisms underlying these differences. Extended linkage disequilibrium (LD) and population divergence were demonstrated in a 17.4-Mb region on linkage group 1 (LG1) based on genotypes of 494 SNPs from 192 parents of farmed families of NEAC, NCC or NEACxNCC crosses. Linkage analyses revealed two adjacent inversions within this region that repress meiotic recombination in NEACxNCC crosses. We identified a NEAC-specific haplotype consisting of 186 SNPs that was fixed in NEAC sampled from the Barents Sea, but segregating under Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in eight NCC stocks. Comparative genomic analyses determine the NEAC configuration of the inversions to be the derived state and date it to ~1.6-2.0 Mya. The haplotype block harbours 763 genes, including candidates regulating swim bladder pressure, haem synthesis and skeletal muscle organization conferring adaptation to long-distance migrations and vertical movements down to large depths. Our results suggest that the migratory ecotype experiences strong directional selection for the two adjacent inversions on LG1. Despite interbreeding between NEAC and NCC, the inversions are maintaining genetic differentiation, and we hypothesize the co-occurrence of multiple adaptive alleles forming a 'supergene' in the NEAC population.

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“…In rodents, mGluRs have been implicated in various forms of the startle response, including regulation of paired-pulse inhibition by group II mGluRs, using pharmacological manipulation 50 . Recently, it has been shown that group II mGluRs are expressed across all main subdivisions of the zebrafish brain 51 . Indeed, we found that conventional agonism of group II mGluRs by L-CCG-1 lowers the zebrafish ASR threshold.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical control of metabotropic glutamate receptors

et al. 2013

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G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs), the largest family of membrane signaling proteins, respond to neurotransmitters, hormones and small environmental molecules. The neuronal function of many GPCRs has been difficult to resolve because of an inability to gate them with subtype-specificity, spatial precision, speed and reversibility. To address this, we developed an approach for opto-chemical engineering native GPCRs. We applied this to the metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) to generate light-agonized and light-antagonized “LimGluRs”. The light-agonized “LimGluR2”, on which we focused, is fast, bistable, and supports multiple rounds of on/off switching. Light gates two of the primary neuronal functions of mGluR2: suppression of excitability and inhibition of neurotransmitter release. The light-antagonized “LimGluR2block” can be used to manipulate negative feedback of synaptically released glutamate on transmitter release. We generalize the optical control to two additional family members: mGluR3 and 6. The system works in rodent brain slice and in zebrafish in vivo, where we find that mGluR2 modulates the threshold for escape behavior. These light-gated mGluRs pave the way for determining the roles of mGluRs in synaptic plasticity, memory and disease.

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Phylogeny and expression divergence of metabotropic glutamate receptor genes in the brain of zebrafish (Danio rerio)

Cited by 39 publications

References 119 publications

Whole-genome duplication in teleost fishes and its evolutionary consequences

Whole-genome duplication in teleost fishes and its evolutionary consequences

Two adjacent inversions maintain genomic differentiation between migratory and stationary ecotypes of Atlantic cod

Optical control of metabotropic glutamate receptors

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