Phylogenetic analyses of the Fusarium graminearum species complex isolated from soybean in Argentina and Brazil

Abstract

Soybean is one of the most economically important crops in Argentina and Brazil. However, there is limited information on the biodiversity of the FGSC from soybean as compared to other crops of large-scale growing such as wheat and maize. A phylogenetic recognition of the Fusarium graminearum species complex (FGSC) isolated from soybean in Argentina and Brazil was performed in order to identify species responsible for trichothecene production. Sequences of genes encoding for the partial translation elongation factor, the 3-O-acetyltransferase and a putative reductase were analysed by the Maximum Parsimony method. Although the present study has focused on a limited number of isolates, this is the first report that provides evidence of the presence of at least four species within the FGSC associated with soybean in Argentina: F. graminearum sensu stricto, F. cortaderiae, F. meridionale and F. boothii. In addition, F. graminearum sensu stricto was detected for the first time among Brazilian isolates from soybean.

Fusarium species and moniliformin occurrence in sorghum grains used as ingredient for animal feed in Argentina

“…Species within the FGSC can remain in the soybean stubble and infect the sorghum grain in the next season. Fusarium graminearum is frequently isolated from soybean crops in Argentina . Burgess et al .…”

“…Fusarium graminearum is frequently isolated from soybean crops in Argentina. 30,31 Burgess et al 32 proposed that sorghum only acts as an asymptomatic host of F. graminearum, but this condition can be a toxicological risk, since this species has the potential to produce deoxynivalenol (DON), 15-acetyldeoxynivalenol (15-ADON), 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol (3-ADON), nivalenol (NIV) and zearalenone (ZEA). 33 Navi et al 34 and Balota 35 showed that the infection of sorghum by species within the FGSC caused reduction of kernel germination, mass, density and nutritional and storage quality of the grains.…”

Fusarium graminearum species complex occurrence on soybean and F. graminearum sensu stricto inoculum maintenance on residues in soybean‐wheat rotation under field conditions

“…2010; Chiotta et al . 2015a,b). However, no study has evaluated the survival of the FGSC on soybean residues.…”

“…In Argentina, previous studies have shown that species within the FGSC are important fungal pathogens in wheat and soybean crops (Ramirez et al 2007;Barros et al 2012;Chiotta et al 2015a). These crops are commonly used in rotation under conservation cropping systems including no-till systems which provides higher yields (Lori et al 2009).…”

“…2012; Chiotta et al . 2015a). These crops are commonly used in rotation under conservation cropping systems including no‐till systems which provides higher yields (Lori et al .…”